Micro-CT在椎体微结构扫描中的应用  

The application of Micro-CT in the microstructure of vertebrae

作　　者：李生鋆 范顺武[1] 赵凤东[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学医学院附属邵逸夫医院骨科,杭州310016

出　　处：《中华骨科杂志》2016年第4期241-247,共7页Chinese Journal of Orthopaedics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金（31270997）

摘　　要：社会的老龄化导致骨质疏松及椎间盘退变的发病率明显增加,椎体骨质疏松性骨折及椎间盘退变深深地困扰着中老年人群.作为脊柱的重要组成部分,椎体在这些疾患当中扮演着重要的角色,而椎体的微结构与椎体的生物力学特性及其邻近的椎间盘退变关系密切.深入地了解其微结构对于研究椎体及其相邻椎间盘相关疾病的发生机制、发展过程、指导治疗及预后转归意义重大,但是既往的技术均存在着一定的局限性.而Micro-CT作为一种非破坏性、高分辨率、对骨组织敏感的新兴技术,在探索椎体微结构中优势明显.国内外大量文献报道运用此种技术更加深入地了解椎体的微结构.但是作为一种新的技术方法,在将其应用到探索椎体微结构的过程中遇到了一些问题及困惑,因此,就Micro-CT在椎体微结构扫描中应用的相关问题进行综述,阐述了Micro-CT的产生及其基本原理.回顾了Micro-CT技术与算法的发展,总结了最新的动态及共识,并且简要地描述了运用Micro-CT进行动态骨形态学测量.归纳Micro-CT在椎体的应用现状,详细描述了椎体微结构及其生物力学特性与相邻椎间盘退变的研究进展,并对应用过程中遇到的一些问题进行总结.同时,展望Micro-CT在探索临床椎体相关疾病机制中的应用,为以后的研究提供几种可能的新思路.With the aging of population, the incidence of osteoporosis and intervertebral disc degeneration increased remarkably.As a consisting part of spine, vertebrae play important roles in spinal diseases.The microstructure of vertebrae is closely associated with not only its biomechanical properties, but also its adjacent intervertebral discs.A detailed understanding of vertebrae＇s microstructure can help us understand the initial mechanism, progression and prognosis of vertebrae and its adjacent discs＇ diseases.On the other hand, traditional examinations are less effective in detecting vertebrae＇s microstructure.Being a noninvasive, high-resolution and bony-sensitive neo-technology, Micro-CT has obvious advantages in detecting vertebrae＇s microstructure.Many researches have reported the usage of Micro-CT in reveling microstructures while they also raised problems.Thus, herein we searched the related information of vertebrae＇s microstructure scanning with Micro-CT, explained its basic mechanism, reviewed its progress in technology and arithmetic, and concluded the latest developments.Depending on the microstructure revealed by Micro-CT, achievements in biomechanical properties of vertebrae and intervertebral disc degeneration have been made,and related problems have been summarized.Also, new applications of Micro-CT in spinal diseases are discussed for acquiring reasonable clinical data in the future.

关 键 词：MICRO-CT 微结构 椎体 应用 扫描 骨质疏松性骨折 椎间盘退变 生物力学特性 

分 类 号：R816.8[医药卫生—放射医学]