生物炭与氮肥减量配施对烤烟生长及土壤酶活性的影响  

Effects of Biochar Addition Combined with Reducing Nitrogen Application Rate on Growth of Flue-cured Tobacco and Soil Enzyme Activities

作　　者：刘领[1] 王艳芳[1] 宋久洋 周俊学 王小东[1] 陈明灿[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学农学院,河南洛阳471003 [2]洛阳市烟草公司,河南洛阳471000

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2016年第2期62-66,共5页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31200332);河南科技大学人才基金项目(09001597);河南科技大学青年科学基金项目(2012QN004);河南省烟草公司项目(M201307)

摘　　要：通过盆栽试验研究了生物炭与氮肥减量配施（CK：常规施氮量;T1：常规施氮量＋生物炭;T2：90%常规施氮量＋生物炭;T3：80%常规施氮量＋生物炭;T4：70%常规施氮量＋生物炭）对烤烟生长及土壤酶活性的影响,以期为生物炭输入条件下烤烟的氮肥运筹提供理论依据。结果表明,与CK相比,在常规施氮量条件下添加生物炭显著增加了烟叶叶绿素a＋b和类胡萝卜素的含量,显著提高了烟株根系活力及土壤酶活性,促进了烤烟的生长;在生物炭添加条件下,减少常规施氮量的10%-20%并没有显著影响烟株生长及烟叶叶绿素a＋b含量、类胡萝卜素含量、净光合速率,且更有利于提高土壤酶活性、烟株根系活力和根冠比。建议在生物炭输入条件下适量减少氮肥施用量,这样更有利于提高烟田氮肥利用效率,保障烟区健康发展。A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the influences of biochar addition combined with reducing nitrogen application rate（ CK： conventional nitrogen application rate; T1： conventional nitrogen application rate combined with biochar; T2： 90% conventional nitrogen application rate combined with biochar; T3： 80% conventional nitrogen application rate combined with biochar; T4： 70%conventional nitrogen application rate combined with biochar） on growth of flue-cured tobacco and soil enzyme activities,so as to provide theoretical basis for nitrogen application rate under biochar addition condition. The results showed that compared with CK,the treatment of conventional nitrogen application rate combined with biochar significantly increased the contents of tobacco chlorophyll and carotenoid,significantly enhanced tobacco root activity and soil enzyme activities,and promoted the growth of tobacco; the treatments of biochar addition combined with 10% —20% reducing nitrogen application rate were benificial to improve the soil enzyme activities,tobacco root activity and root-shoot ratio when compared with the control. This research suggested that reducing nitrogen application rate was beneficial to improve nitrogen use efficiency and guarantee the healthy development of tobacco production area under biochar addition condition.

关 键 词：生物炭 氮肥减量施用 烤烟 根系活力 净光合速率 土壤酶活性 

分 类 号：S154.2[农业科学—土壤学] S143.1[农业科学—农业基础科学]