不同密度与氮肥底追比例对小麦纹枯病的调控作用  

Regulation of Different Densities and Ratios of Base to Topdressing Nitrogen on Wheat Sheath Blight

作　　者：齐永志[1] 李海燕[1] 苏媛[1] 李生艳[2] 贺振宁[1] 甄文超[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学植物保护学院,河北保定071001 [2]保定市回民中学,河北保定071001 [3]河北省作物生长调控重点实验室,河北保定071001

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2016年第2期77-81,共5页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划粮食丰产科技工程课题(2011BAD16B08;2012BAD04B06;2013BAD07B05);河北省现代农业产业技术体系小麦创新团队建设项目

摘　　要：2012—2014年,通过田间定点小区试验研究了小麦不同密度(112.5 kg/hm^2、150 kg/hm^2、187.5 kg/hm^2和225 kg/hm^2)与氮肥底追不同比例(3∶5、1∶1、5∶3和3∶1)对小麦纹枯病的调控作用及对产量的影响。结果表明:密度相同条件下,氮肥底追比例5∶3处理在小麦各生长时期均对纹枯病表现出较好的调控作用,纹枯病发病率和病情指数均较低。密度越低,纹枯病发生程度越轻。不同密度与氮肥底追不同比例组合对小麦穗粒数没有明显影响;密度相同时,氮肥底追不同比例处理间的单位面积穗数和千粒质量均无显著性差异。在密度为187.5 kg/hm^2条件下,氮肥底追比例5∶3处理的产量最高,为7 110.5 kg/hm^2;其次是氮肥底追比例1∶1处理,产量为7 041.8 kg/hm^2。综合考虑小麦纹枯病发生程度和产量,初步筛选出密度为187.5 kg/hm^2、氮肥底追比例为5∶3时对小麦纹枯病的调控效果最好。To study the regulation of different densities,with four levels（ 112. 5,150,187. 5 and 225 kg /ha）,and different ratios of base to topdressing nitrogen,with four levels（ 3 ∶ 5,1 ∶ 1,5 ∶ 3 and 3 ∶ 1）,on wheat sheath blight and the effects on the yields,the field plot experiment was conducted in 2012—2014.The results showed that the control effect on wheat sheath blight of the treatment with the ratio of base to topdressing nitrogen at 5∶ 3 was higher at each stages of wheat when the density was same,with lower incidence and disease index. The occurrence became lighter with the decrease of the density. There was no significant difference in the kernel number per spike among the combinations of different densities and ratios of base to topdressing nitrogen. There was also no significant difference in thousand kernel weight among the different ratios of base to topdressing nitrogen under the condition of same density,just as the population spike number. When the density was 187. 5 kg / ha,the yield of the treatment with the ratio of base to topdressing nitrogen at 5∶ 3 was 7 110. 5 kg / ha,the highest among all the treatments,followed by the treatment with the ratio at 1 ∶ 1,of which the yield was 7 041. 8 kg / ha. According to the theoretical yield and the occurrence of wheat sheath blight,the treatment with the ratio of base to topdressing nitrogen at 5∶ 3 showed the best regulation on wheat sheath blight,when the density was 187. 5 kg / ha.

关 键 词：小麦纹枯病 密度 氮肥 底追比例 产量 调控作用 

分 类 号：S435.121[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S474[农业科学—植物保护]