碳酸钙模板法制备高分子微球  

Fabricating Polymer Microspheres through CaCO_3 Templates

作　　者：王荣民[1] 吕思瑶[1] 李涛[1] 何玉凤[1] 宋鹏飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学化学化工学院生态环境相关高分子材料教育部重点实验室,兰州730070

出　　处：《化学进展》2016年第1期75-82,共8页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.21263024;21364012)资助~~

摘　　要：模板法是一种制备粒径可控、形貌均一微球的有效途径。以球霰石形态存在的CaCO_3多孔微球具有生物相容、孔径均一,以及可在温和条件下分解等优点,适用于作为模板制备微球。本文在对CaCO_3模板进行简单介绍的基础上,从原料选取与应用角度综述了用CaCO_3模板法制备微球的研究进展。常用的装载CaCO3多孔微球的方法有物理吸附、共沉淀和渗透法等,所用原料有天然高分子(如多糖、蛋白质、DNA)和合成高分子(如聚苯乙烯磺酸钠、聚乙烯醇)。利用CaCO_3模版制备的微球具有多孔洞或空心结构,尺寸形貌均一可控,特别适用于制药、药物递送、生物传感器及化学分析等领域。预计随着纳米技术的发展和生物医药领域的需求将推动CaCO_3模板法的研究,以期通过该方法制备出应用领域更加广泛的微球。Templating technique is an effective and efficient method to fabricate polymer microspheres with controllable size and same morphology.As one of polymorphs of CaCO_3,vaterite is the ideal template particle for fabricating microspheres because of many advantages such as their biocompatibility,monodispersed pore size and mild decomposition conditions.In this review,based on introducing the CaCO_3 templates briefly,a recent progress in utilizing the CaCO_3 templates for fabricating microspheres is also addressed according to the selection of raw materials and the applications.Three main routes to load the CaCO_3 cores have been used,such as physisorption,infiltration and co-precipitation.The raw materials can be divided into natural polymer（such as polysaccharide,protein and DNA） and synthetic polymer（such as polystyrene sulfonate,polyvinyl alcohol）.The structures of microspheres fabricated by CaCO_3 templates are porous and hollow,and size controlling with uniform morphology.All the particles can be used in various areas included pharmaceutical,drug delivery,biosensors and chemical analysis.In the future,the researches of CaCO_3 templating technique will be greatly promoted by the development of nanotechnology and the requirement of biomedical field to prepare the new kinds of microspheres with extensive applications.

关 键 词：高分子微球 碳酸钙模板 多孔微球 微囊 载体材料 

分 类 号：O636[理学—高分子化学] TB34[理学—化学]