类石墨相C_3N_4光催化剂改性研究  

Modification of Graphtic Carbon Nitride Photocatalyst

作　　者：徐建华[1] 谈玲华[1,2] 寇波[1,2] 杭祖圣[1,2] 姜炜[3] 郏永强 

机构地区：[1]南京工程学院材料工程学院,南京211167 [2]江苏省先进结构材料与应用技术重点实验室,南京211167 [3]南京理工大学国家特种超细粉体工程技术研究中心,南京210094

出　　处：《化学进展》2016年第1期131-148,共18页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：江苏省高校自然科学研究课题(No.14KJD430002);江苏省先进结构材料与应用技术重点实验室开放基金(No.ASMA201408);江苏省自然科学基金项目(No.BK20130747);南京工程学院校级科研基金项目(No.ZKJ201402);南京工程学院大学生科技创新基金项目(No.TZ20160003;N20150207)资助;江苏省高等学校大学生实践创新训练计划项目(No.201511276013Z)~~

摘　　要：半导体光催化技术不仅可以将太阳能转化为化学能,还可以直接降解和矿化有机污染物,因此其在抑制环境污染和解决能源短缺方面具有广阔的应用前景。类石墨相氮化碳(g-C_3N_4)具有独特的电子能带结构、优异的热稳定性以及化学稳定性,因此g-C_3N_4作为一种廉价的无金属光催化剂被广泛应用于光解水制氢产氧、污染物降解、光催化CO2还原、抗菌和有机官能团选择性转换等领域。然而,传统热缩聚法合成的g-C_3N_4光催化剂比表面积小、禁带宽度大、光生电子-空穴易于复合、光生载流子传输慢,抑制了其光催化活性。为了进一步提高g-C_3N_4的光催化活性,出现了多种改性方法。本文针对g-C_3N_4光催化剂的改性研究,综述了近年来国内外在g-C_3N_4光催化剂改性方面的重要研究进展,如采用模板法优化g-C_3N_4的纳米结构、元素掺杂及共聚合调控g-C_3N_4的能带结构、贵金属沉积或半导体复合提高光生载流子分离效率等。最后,本文还展望了g-C_3N_4光催化剂在改性方面的未来发展趋势。Semiconductor photocatalysis not only can directly convert solar energy into chemical energy but also degrade and mineralize organic pollutants,which is considered as one of promising techniques to address the global energy and environmental problems.Due to the unique electronic band strcture,thermal and chemical stabilit,polymeric graphitic carbon nitride（g-C_3N_4）,which is a low-cost and metal-free photocatalyst is widely applied in hydrogen evolution,water oxidation,environmental remediation,CO_2-to-CO conversion,photocatalytic antibacterial,as well as originic photosynthesis.However,the g-C_3N_4 photocatalyst synthesized by traditional thermal polyconsendation method has small surface area and large band gap,and the photogenerated electron-hole pairs is easily to recombine,and the photon-generated carriers transfer slowly,all of these defects suppressed the photocatalytic activity severely.In order to enhance the photocatalytic activity of gC_3N_4,some modification methods are utilized.This review aims at summarizing recent advances in the modification of g-C_3N_4 photocatalyst,including nanostructure designing,band gap engineering and promoting the separation of energy-wasteful charge recombination.At the end,the prospects for the modification of g-C_3N_4photocatalyst are also discussed.

关 键 词：类石墨相氮化碳 半导体 太阳能 光催化 改性 

分 类 号：O643[理学—物理化学] O649[理学—化学]