膜共生反应器的提出及其应用展望  

INVENTION AND APPLICATION PROSPECT OF MEMBRANE SYMBIOTIC REACTOR

作　　者：何少林[1,2] 陈辉[1] 于景琦[1] 徐春明[2] 周学双[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油规划总院,北京100083 [2]中国石油大学(北京),北京102249 [3]环境保护部环境工程评估中心,北京100012

出　　处：《环境工程》2016年第2期43-46,共4页Environmental Engineering

摘　　要：当前以活性污泥法为主的污水好氧生物处理技术中多存在挥发性有机物逸散、温室气体排放以及氮磷处理不可兼得、高含氮污水缺乏碳源、高浓度的难降解污水处理效果不理想等主要问题。借鉴膜生物反应器对活性污泥法的改进经验,在高效藻类塘的基础上,联合应用膜过滤系统,提出"膜共生反应器"。该反应器通过膜过滤系统维持反应器内高浓度藻菌共生体,达到较好的有机物、氮、磷、重金属等污染物的去除效果;反应器无需供氧,节省能耗,具低碳潜力,且不易使水中挥发性有机物逸散至大气。膜共生反应器在含盐污水、含重金属污水、农村生活污水等处理领域具有较好的应用前景,也可在城市污水处理领域作为活性污泥法氧源兼污水处理设施加以应用。Currently,the aerobic biological wastewater treatment technologies,including activated sludge technology,have some problems such as volatile organic compounds emissions,greenhouse gas emissions,nitrogen and phosphorus treatment contradiction,lack of carbon for high nitrogen wastewater,low treatment efficiency for high concentrations and difficultly biodegradable wastewater etc. Based on the high peformance algal pond,an upgrade type of oxidation pond,membrane symbiotic reactor is invented with the joint application of algae-bacteria symbiotic system and membrane filtration systems.Through a membrane filtration system to hold the microbes,the reactor maintains a high concentration of algae and bacteria and achieves better removal of organic matter,nitrogen,phosphorus,heavy metals and other pollutants. The reactor needs no manmade oxygen supply,therefore it has the advantages of energy saving,low carbon and reducing emission of the volatile organic compounds in water to the atmosphere. Membrane symbiotic reactor has good application prospects in salt-containing wastewater,heavy metals wastewater and rural wastewater. It also can be applied as a source of oxygen of activated sludge in urban wastewater treatment and also as a treatment facility simultaneously.

关 键 词：膜共生反应器 藻菌共生 含盐污水 含重金属污水 农村生活污水 城市污水 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]