中国民营油气企业发展现状与发展方向  

Current status and developing trend of private petroleum enterprises in China

作　　者：苗小龙 

机构地区：[1]陕西延长石油(集团)有限责任公司研究院

出　　处：《天然气工业》2016年第2期131-136,共6页Natural Gas Industry

摘　　要：我国目前已形成了以国营为主、民营为辅的油气行业主要格局。近年来,中国的民营油气企业一方面通过股权收购获得国外油气资源,另一方面积极与国有企业合作,在多个技术领域都获得了长足的进步。研究分析民营油气企业的发展现状与发展前景,将有助于推进石油等重点行业开展混合所有制经济试点。根据从事主营业务的不同,将民营油气企业划分为油气勘探开发、技术服务与装备制造、石油炼化、石油贸易等4类,并分别分析了其发展现状。针对民营油气企业发展存在的弱势和不足,建议相关部门应主要从以下4个方面给予支持:①鼓励和引导民营企业通过参股、资产收购等多种方式参与国有企业改制重组;②进一步放宽油气勘探行业准入标准;③深化金融体制改革,拓宽民营企业融资渠道;④支持民营企业参与国家重大科技项目和技术攻关,协助其提高企业技术水平和研发能力。结论认为:我国油气行业将呈现出以公有制为主体、多种所有制共同经营的企业结构模式,民营油气企业发展前景广阔。In China, the oil and gas industry is primarily composed of state-owned enterprises and secondarily private enterprises. In recent years, the private petroleum enterprises have made great progress in multiple technical fields by acquiring overseas oil and gas resources by means of stake purchase, and also by actively cooperating with state-owned enterprises. Therefore, this study aims to impel the development of diversified ownership economy pilots in the key industries （e.g. petroleum industry）. Herein, private petroleum enter- prises in China are classified into four types by their main business, including oil and gas exploration and development, technical service and equipment manufacturing, petroleum refining and petroleum trade, and their development status were analyzed. Considering the weakness and defects in these enterprises＇ development, the authorities should provide them with supports in four aspects. Firstly, encour- age and guide private enterprises to participate in the reform and recombination of state-owned enterprises through multiple ways, such as equity participation and asset acquisition. Secondly, relax the access criteria of oil and gas exploration industry further. Thirdly, deepen the financial system reform and widen financing channels of private enterprises. And fourthly, support private enterprises to participate in national key scientific and technical programs and technical research, and provide assistance to increase their technical level and R＆D capacity. It is concluded that China＇s oil and gas industry will be in the framework of multiple-ownership joint operation with the public ownership as the dominant part and that private oil and gas enterprises are bound to have a broader development prospect

关 键 词：中国 国营油企 民营油企 行业格局 油气资源 技术装备 国家政策 发展现状 发展方向 建议 

分 类 号：F426.22[经济管理—产业经济]