小麦秸秆中纤维素提取工艺的研究  

Study on Extraction Process of Cellulose from Wheat Straw

作　　者：来水利[1] 国雅娜 肖雨晨[1] 王晶晶[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学化学与化工学院,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《纸和造纸》2016年第2期11-14,共4页Paper and Paper Making

基　　金：陕西省社会发展科技攻关项目(编号:2015SF266);陕西省教育厅重点实验室项目(编号:12JS016);咸阳市科技计划项目(编号:2012k05-02);榆林市2011年科技计划项目

摘　　要：实验考察了NaOH的质量分数、液固质量比、提取温度及时间等对小麦秸秆失重率的影响,并用硝酸-乙醇溶液进一步提取秸秆纤维素,结果显示采用质量分数为10%的NaOH溶液以12:1的液固比在100℃下蒸煮秸秆粉末90 min,小麦秸秆的失重率最大。通过红外光谱、X-射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜以及静态接触角测量仪对得到的秸秆纤维素进行结构表征与性能测定,表明秸秆粉中的纤维素被充分提取,其表面粗糙,与去离子水的接触角为15.9°,这可使其用于后续接枝反应时与试剂的接触面积有所增加。In the experiment, the effects of mass fraction of sodium hydroxide solution, dosage of alkali, temperature and time on the weight loss of wheat straw were discussed, then straw cellulose was extracted by nitric acid-ethanol solution further. Under optimum conditions, the straw cellulose was stewed by using mass fraction of 10% sodium hydroxide solution that dilute alkali was 12：1 of liquid-solid ratio for 90 min under 100℃. The structure and property of straw cellulose was characterized by IR, XRD, SEM and the contact angle. The results showed that the cellulose was extracted sufficiently on natural straw, the straw cellulose had a rough surface and its contact angle with deionized water was 15.9°The contact area of straw cellulose with other agents would be enhanced in the subsequent reaction.

关 键 词：小麦秸秆 纤维素 碱处理 接触角 

分 类 号：TQ352.79[化学工程]