水稻间歇灌溉对土壤肥力的影响  

Effects of intermittent irrigation on rice paddy soil fertility

作　　者：余双[1] 崔远来[1] 王力[1] 赵树君[1] 许亚群 时红 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430072 [2]江西省灌溉试验中心站,江西南昌330201

出　　处：《武汉大学学报（工学版）》2016年第1期46-53,共8页Engineering Journal of Wuhan University

基　　金：水利部948项目(编号:201229);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(编号:20130141110014);中美国际合作项目(编号:20111017)

摘　　要：在江西省灌溉试验中心站开展田间对比试验,对不同灌溉模式下的水稻产量、稻田土壤肥力、不同土层土壤溶液氮素浓度以及氨挥发过程进行观测分析.结果表明,与淹灌相比,间歇灌溉能够适当增加水稻产量,有利于土壤对总氮、有机质的保持,减轻耕层土壤磷素淋溶损失.在拔节孕穗期以前间歇灌溉的田面水总氮浓度高于淹灌,氨挥发速率也高,穗肥施用后间歇灌溉模式下的稻田氮素在随水分向根系的运动过程中更多地被土壤胶体所吸附,使耕层土壤水总氮浓度高于淹灌、田面水总氮浓度低于淹灌、氨挥发速率低于淹灌.The rice yield,paddy soil fertility,nitrogen concentration of soil water at different depths and ammonia volatilization under different irrigation patterns were observed and analyzed through carrying out field contrast experiment in Jiangxi Province Irrigation Experiment Station.The results show that,compared with flooding irrigation,intermittent irrigation increased rice yield properly,was favorable to conservation of soil total nitrogen and organic matter and reduced phosphorus leaching loss of plough layer.The total nitrogen concentration of field surface water and ammonia volatilization rate under intermittent irrigation were higher than flooding irrigation before jointing-booting stage.During the downward and to root movement of the water,the nitrogen absorbed by soil colloid after application of panicle fertilizer under intermittent irrigation was much more than flooding irrigation.This led to higher concentration of total nitrogen of soil water in plough layer,lower concentration of total nitrogen of field surface water and lower ammonia volatilization rate.

关 键 词：水稻 间歇灌溉 土壤肥力 氨挥发 土壤水 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学]