青海省格尔木市鼠疫病原学及流行病学特征分析  

Etiological study and epidemiological significance of the plague in Golmud,Qinghai Province

作　　者：何建[1] 魏柏青[1] 祁美英[1] 辛有全[1] 熊浩明[1] 杨晓艳[1] 靳娟[1] 金泳[1] 李翔[1] 代瑞霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]青海省地方病预防控制所鼠疫预防控制科,青海西宁811602

出　　处：《中国病原生物学杂志》2016年第1期17-20,共4页Journal of Pathogen Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.81160211)

摘　　要：目的探讨青海省格尔木市鼠疫菌株生物学特点及流行病学意义,为该地区的鼠疫防治提供科学依据。方法对1967-2006年青海省格尔木市分离的61株鼠疫菌株进行生化试验、毒力因子鉴定、毒力测定、质粒谱分析、鼠疫菌差异区段(Different Region,DFR)分型等研究。结果 61株被试菌株生物型为古典型、生态型均为青藏高原型,81.96%(50/61)的鼠疫菌Fl、PstⅠ、VW抗原因子和Pgm的4个毒力因子俱全;毒力检测结果显示,91.3%(21/23)的鼠疫菌为强毒菌;被试菌株基因型为32型(38株)、5型(16株)、8型(4株)、49型(2株)、44型(1株),其中32型、49型、44型为新发现的基因型;被试菌株中90.16%(55/61)携带分子质量为6×106、45×106、65×106的三种质粒。结论青海省格尔木市分离的鼠疫菌具备青藏高原鼠疫病原体特性,鼠疫菌的毒力强,鼠疫防治工作不容松懈。Objective To discuss the biological characteristics and the epidemiological significance of Yersinia pestis isolated in Golmud,Qinghai Province in order to provide a scientific basis for plague prevention and control. MethodsSixty-one strains of Y.pestis isolated from different types of hosts in Golmud,Qinghai Province from 1967-2006 were studied.Strains were phenotypically characterized based on biochemical testing,identification of virulence factors,plasmid profiling,and different region（DFR）typing.The virulence of 23 typical strains of Y.pestis was tested,and Kunming mice were used to determine the LD50 for Y.pestis. Results Sixty-one strains of Y.pestis were of the antique biovar and of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau ecotype.Of the strains,81.96%（50/61）contained key virulence factors,such as F1,PstI,VW,and Pgm.Five plasmids were detected in these strains.Of the 61 strains of Y.pestis,90.16%（55/61）contained 3plasmids：6×106,45×106,and 65×106.Thirty-eight strains were genotyped as genomovar 32,16 were genotyped as genomovar 5,4were genotyped as genomovar 8,2were genotyped as genomovar 49,and 1was genotyped as genomovar 44.The LD50 for 21strains of Y.pestis in Kunming mice was less than 100 while the LD50 for the remaining 2strains was more than 1billion.Of 23 strains of Y.pestis,91.3%（21/23）were velogenic strains. ConclusionThe Y.pestis isolated in Golmud,Qinghai Province had the characteristics of the plague pathogen from the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau.Y.pestisis highly virulent.If the plague were to spread from animals to humans,the consequences would be unimaginable,so plague prevention and control efforts in the area must not abate.

关 键 词：鼠疫 病原学 流行病学 格尔木市 

分 类 号：R516.8[医药卫生—内科学]