反吹式吸嘴流场数值分析及吸尘效率研究  

Research on Numerical Analysis and Dust Collection Efficiency of Reverse Blowing Pickup Mouth

作　　者：郗元[1] 成凯[1] 娄希同 程磊 张钦国[1] 胡艳娟[3] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学机械科学与工程学院,吉林长春130022 [2]徐州徐工随车起重机有限公司,江苏徐州221007 [3]长春工业大学机电工程学院,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《西南交通大学学报》2016年第1期105-112,共8页Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51405030)

摘　　要：为提高扫路车的吸尘效率,采用计算流体动力学(computational fluid dynamics,CFD)技术对反吹式吸嘴流场进行计算,分析结构参数对吸尘效果的影响规律,并结合气固两相流动模型对优化后模型的吸尘效率进行计算.研究表明:吸尘口的直径不大于反吹式吸嘴宽度的0.47倍、倾角不大于105°时,分别增大吸尘口直径和倾斜角度,均可提高吸尘效率;反吹式吸嘴近地面气流速度大且方向紧贴地面,不存在气流外泄造成的二次污染;车速由5 km/h提高到15 km/h时,总除尘效率下降了27%,其中45μm粒径颗粒的分级除尘效率下降了9%,152μm粒径颗粒的分级除尘效率下降了33%.In order to improve dust collection efficiency, the computational fluid dynamics （CFD） technology was used to calculate the flow field of reverse blowing pickup mouth, analyze the structural parameters influence on the dust collection efficiency, and calculate the dust collection efficiency combined with the gas-solid flow model. The results show that when the ratio between outlet diameter and width is less than 0. 47 and the dip angle is less than 105°, the dust collection efficiency can about secondary pollution. The overall removal efficiency declines by 27% when traveling speed increases from 5 km/h to 15 km/h, in which the grade efficiency of 45 and 152μm particle diameter respectively decrease by 9% and 33%.

关 键 词：扫路车 反吹式吸嘴 CFD 气固两相流 吸尘效率 

分 类 号：U418.3[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]