民航飞机客舱乘客应急疏散仿真模型  

Occupant Evacuation Simulation Model during Civil Aircraft Emergency

作　　者：杜红兵[1] 张庆庆[1] 陈晨[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国民航大学安全科学与工程学院,天津300300

出　　处：《西南交通大学学报》2016年第1期161-167,共7页Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51304217)

摘　　要：为了对我国自主研发的ARJ(advanced regional jet)支线飞机初始适航审定时的人员疏散全尺寸实验提供辅助性验证信息,模拟航空器内人员逃生90 s验证实验,基于元胞自动机理论和智能体建模思想,考虑乘客应急心理状态,根据不同行为特征赋予其角色,建立了包括子模型民航飞机客舱模型、乘客特征模型、乘客行为模型和乘客运动模型的民航飞机客舱乘客应急疏散模型,并开发了相应的模拟软件Cabin Evacu.以100座支线飞机为例,按照《运输类飞机适航标准》对应急演练人员年龄和性别比例的要求,进行了在设定场景下的乘客应急疏散仿真,结果表明:人员的平均逃生时间为68.7 s,与ETSIA(evacuation test simulation and investigation algorithm)模型的仿真结果具有较好的一致性.A computer simulation to verify occupant evacuation within 90 s during aircraft emergency can supply beneficial information for the full-scale evacuation experiment in the initial airworthiness certification of the advanced regional jet （ARJ） developed by China. Based on cellular automata and multi-agent theory, a civil aircraft cabin occupant emergency evacuation model （CACOEM） was established. In the model, considering their psychology in an emergency circumstance of aircraft, occupants were classified into different roles according to their distinctive features of behavior; four sub-models, i. e. , civil aircraft cabin model, occupants＇ characteristics model, occupants＇ behavior model, and occupants＇ movement model were involved. In addition, simulation software CabinEvacu was developed and applied to the regional commercial aircrafts with 100 seats. According to the requirements on passenger age-sex proportion in Transport Aircraft Airworthiness Standards： Transport Category Airplanes （ CCAR25-R4）, 1000 times of occupant emergency evacuation simulations were made in a scenario where three hatches are opened in front, middle, and rear areas, respectively. The results show that the average evacuation time is 68.7 s, which is consistent with the result obtained by the evacuation test simulation and investigation algorithm （ETSIA）.

关 键 词：民航飞机客舱 应急疏散 仿真模型 心理特征 元胞自动机 

分 类 号：V223.2[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计] X949[环境科学与工程—安全科学]