季铵盐改性膨润土制备润滑脂的研究  

Study on Preparation of Bentonite Grease Based on Ammonium-Modified Bentonite

作　　者：张东浩[1,2] 陈汉林[1,3] 蒋明俊[1] 郭小川[1] 马雨璇 梁金祖 

机构地区：[1]后勤工程学院军事油料应用与管理工程系 [2]62154部队 [3]69052部队 [4]69051部队

出　　处：《润滑与密封》2016年第2期100-106,共7页Lubrication Engineering

基　　金：重庆市博士后基金项目(Rc201355;Xm201318)

摘　　要：以钙基膨润土为原料,采用季铵盐对其进行化改性,考察钠化改型、有机改性和处理工艺等对膨润土润滑脂性能的影响,分析有机膨润土层状结构与膨润土润滑脂性能的关系。结果表明,当有机改性剂十八烷基三甲基氯化铵的添加量为1.0CEC(阳离子交换容量),膨润土与水溶液、改性剂与水溶液的固液比为1∶10,Na_2CO_3的添加量为3%,磷酸添加量为5%,钠化反应温度为60℃,反应时间为30 min,有机改性反应温度为80℃,反应时间为60 min,每次添加800 m L水溶液,抽滤洗涤4次,干燥温度为80℃,粉碎过筛200目时,制备的膨润土性能较好,膨润土层间距变化与其制备润滑脂的稠度无直接关联。采用自制的改性膨润土制备的膨润土润滑脂,与市售的有机膨润土制备的膨润土润滑脂的性能相当,且具有更好的钢网分油性能。Effecting factors of preparing quaternary ammonium bentonite grease including sodium modlhcatlon,orgamc modification and treatment process were examined with Ca-bentonite as raw materials.The relationship of layer structure of the organic bentonite with its lubrication properties was analyzed. The results show that the optimum conditions of high quality quaternary ammonium bentonite grease are that adding amount of octadearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride 1.0CEC （cation-exchange capacity） ,the ratio of bentonite to liquid 1：10,the ratio of modifier to liquid 1：10,the adding amount of Na2CO3 3%, adding amount of phosphate acid 5%, sodium modification temperature 60 ℃, , sodium modification time 30 min, organic modification temperature 80 ℃,, organic modification time 60 min, filtration washing 4 times, adding 800 mL water solution every time ,crushing and sieving 200 mesh.There exists no direct connection between changes of bentonite layer spacing and that of bentonite grease consistency.Two kinds of bentonite grease prepared by self-modified organic bentonite and commercial organic bentonite grease have equally good properties with high temperature performance and good colloidal stability.

关 键 词：钙基膨润土 钠化改型 有机改性 膨润土润滑脂 

分 类 号：TE626.4[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]