发育高温对烟粉虱寄生蜂雌蜂个体大小及抱卵量的影响  

Influence of High Developmental Temperatures on Body Size and Egg Load of Female Adults of Eretmocerus hayati(Zolnerowich & Rose) and Encarsia sophia(Girault & Dodd)

作　　者：段敏[1,2] 杨念婉[2] 万方浩[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学农学与植物保护学院,青岛266000 [2]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所/植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《中国生物防治学报》2016年第1期13-18,共6页Chinese Journal of Biological Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31301726);国家"973"计划(2013CB127600);国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303019)

摘　　要：海氏桨角蚜小蜂Eretmocerus hayati(Zolnerowich&Rose)和浅黄恩蚜小蜂Encarsia sophia(Girault&Dodd)是烟粉虱Bemisia tabaci(Gennadius)的有效天敌。为了更好地将2种寄生蜂用于温室大棚等高温设施农业中控制烟粉虱的种群数量,本文通过镜下解剖,探究了不同发育温度(26、30、34、38℃)对2种寄生蜂初羽化雌蜂个体大小和抱卵量的影响。结果表明,随发育温度的升高,2种寄生蜂初羽化雌成蜂的个体大小呈现变小的趋势,2种寄生蜂在38℃温度下发育获得的初羽化雌蜂个体大小显著小于26、30℃下发育获得的雌蜂;海氏桨角蚜小蜂在30℃下发育获得雌蜂的抱卵量显著高于26、34、38℃下雌蜂的抱卵量;浅黄恩蚜小蜂在26、30、34℃发育获得雌蜂的抱卵量无显著差异,但38℃条件下,雌蜂体内没有成熟的卵。本研究结果对2种寄生蜂的室内大规模饲养以及高温条件下烟粉虱的生防实践有指导意义。Eretmocerus hayati（Zolnerowich Rose） and Encarsia sophia（Girault Dodd） are efficacious parasitoids of Bemisia tabaci（Gennadius）. To explore the use of these two parasitoids in protected agriculture that is characterized by high temperature, the influence of different developmental temperatures（26, 30, 34, 38 ℃） on the size and egg load of newly emerged female of these two parasitoids was evaluated in this current research. The results showed that, with increasing developmental temperature, the body size of both parasitoid females decreased. The body size of E. hayati females developed at 38 ℃was smaller than those developed at other developmental temperatures. The body size of E. sophia females developed at 38 was smaller than thos℃ e developed at 26 and 30 ℃. The egg load of both parasitoid females showed decreasing tendency with increasing developmental temperatures. The egg load of E. hayati developed at 30 was higher than that at 34 ℃ ℃, followed by those at 26 and 38 ℃. There were no significant differences in the egg load in E. sophia females developed at 26, 30 and 34 ℃, while no mature eggs were observed in females developed at 38 ℃. Regardless of temperature, the body size and egg load of E. hayati were larger than those of E. sophia. Our results confirm the Temperature-Size Rule, and can help mass rearing of the parasitoids and their use in biological control of B. tabaci at high temperatures in greenhouse.

关 键 词：海氏桨角蚜小蜂 浅黄恩蚜小蜂 温度 个体大小 抱卵量 

分 类 号：S476.3[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]