常州市不同等级两所医院新生儿卡介苗接种效果及影响因素研究  

Inoculation effect and influence factors of neonatal BCG vaccination in two hospitals of different levels in Changzhou City

作　　者：史太平[1] 陈鸣[1] 张霞[1] 顾昕[1] 张兴[1] 

机构地区：[1]常州市疾病预防控制中心,江苏常州213002

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2016年第3期257-260,共4页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：全国科技重大专项课题(2012ZX10004701)

摘　　要：目的 了解常州市不同等级的两所医院新生儿卡介苗接种效果及其影响因素,为提高接种质量和人群免疫水平提供依据。方法 选择1个市级医院、1个县级医院作为哨点,监测2013年1-12月不同批次菌苗对符合条件新生儿的接种情况,3个月后进行结核菌素试验（PPD）,观察硬结纵横径和直径,评价接种效果;采用Logistic回归模型,对接种效果进行多因素回归分析。结果 共接种卡介苗新生儿2 254例,接种成功2 090人,接种成功率92.7%。单因素分析显示,不同单位、季节、疫苗批次卡介苗接种成功率差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;金坛市人民医院接种成功率为95.15%,明显大于市妇幼保健院（90.17%）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;经组间比较,秋季接种成功率（97.94%）明显高于冬季（90.76%,χ^2=14.080,P=0.000）。疫苗批号201003a015-1接种成功率明显低于其他各批号,批号201003a012-2接种成功率明显低于批号201101a004-1和201012a083-2,差异均有统计学意义（均P=0.000）。多因素logistic回归分析,疫苗批号（OR=1.754,95%CI：1.477-2.084）是卡介苗接种成功的影响因素。结论 常州市市县不同等级医院新生儿卡介苗接种成功率均较高,疫苗不同批次是影响接种成功的影响因素。Objective To explore the inoculation effect and influence factors of neonatal BCG vaccination in two hospitals of different levels in Changzhou City,so as to provide reference for improving the quality of BCG vaccination and immune level of the population. Methods A city hospital and a county hospital were selected as sentinel points to supervise BCG vaccination effect in newborns receiving various batches of BCG in 2013. The participants received PPD test 3 months after BCG vaccination and the vertical and horizontal diameters of the induration were observed to assess inoculation effect. Influence factors were analyzed by multivariate regression analysis. Results A total of 2,254 neonatal BCG vaccinations were conducted and 2,090 were successful,with a vaccination success rate of 92. 7%. Univariate analysis showed that the BCG vaccination success rate was significantly different between the two hospitals,among various seasons and vaccine batches（ P〈0. 05）. It was significantly higher in Jintan People＇s Hospital than in Changzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital（ 95. 15% vs. 90. 17%,P〈0. 05）,and in autumn than in winter（ 97. 94% vs. 90. 76%,χ^2= 14. 080,P = 0. 000）. It was significantly lower for batch 201003a015- 1 than other batches,and for batch 201003a012- 2 than batch 201101a004- 1 and 201012a083- 2（ all P = 0. 000）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that vaccine batch was the factor influencing BCG vaccination success（ OR = 1. 754,95% CI： 1. 477 - 2.084）. Conclusions The success rates of neonatal BCG vaccination in the city hospital and county hospital in Changzhou City are high,and vaccine batch is the influence factor.

关 键 词：新生儿 卡介苗接种 免疫效果 影响因素 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]