枯草芽孢杆菌对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊生长发育及代谢活动的影响  

Effects of Bacillus subtilis on Growth and Development and Metabolic Activity of Bradysia odoriphaga

作　　者：高欢欢[1] 葛温伯 覃冬云[1] 于毅[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所,山东济南250100 [2]青岛农业大学植物保护学院,山东青岛266109

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2016年第2期89-93,共5页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项"作物根蛆类害虫综合防治技术研究与示范"(201303027)

摘　　要：韭菜迟眼蕈蚊幼虫又称韭蛆,是韭菜等多种蔬菜上的主要害虫,化学防治作为其主要的防治方法,造成严重的农药残留问题。为了明确枯草芽孢杆菌对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊的作用,进一步寻找防治韭蛆的新方法,本研究利用枯草芽孢杆菌侵染不同虫态的韭菜迟眼蕈蚊,观察其生长发育情况以及韭蛆体内代谢酶活性的变化。结果表明,枯草芽孢杆菌对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊卵孵化率、蛹羽化率及成虫产卵量均无显著影响,但韭蛆对其反应较为敏感,存活率显著下降。四龄幼虫体内代谢物质检测结果显示,枯草芽孢杆菌侵染后,其体内的海藻糖、蛋白质含量及脂肪酶活性均无显著变化;纤维素酶活性显著提高;几丁质酶、α-淀粉酶、碱性磷酸酶的活性显著或极显著降低,这与韭蛆存活率下降和寿命缩短有一定相关性。因此,枯草芽孢杆菌可以通过调节韭蛆体内部分代谢酶的活性来影响其生长发育,为韭蛆的防治提供新方法。Bradysia odoriphaga（ Diptera： Sciaridae） is the main pest on various vegetables,especially Chinese chive（ Allium tuberosum）. Chemical control,as the main control method of B. odoriphaga,has led to serious pesticide residue. In order to clarify the effects of Bacillus subtilis on B. odoriphaga and look for the new control method,the effects of infection of B. subtilis on growth and development and metabolic enzyme activity of B. odoriphaga were examined. The results showed that the hatching rate of eggs,eclosion rate of pupae and spawning rate of adults were not significantly affected. However,the larvae were more sensitive to B.subtilis and the survival rate dropped significantly. The detection results of metabolic substances in the fourth-instar larvae infected by B. subtilis showed that the contents of trehalose and protein and the activity of lipase didn＇t change significantly. The cellulase activity significantly increased. The activities of chitinase,α-amylase and alkaline phosphatase significantly or very significantly decreased. It was related with the declined survival rate and shortened life expectancy of larvae of B. odoriphaga. Therefore,the growth and development of B. odoriphaga could be affected by B. subtilis with adjusting the metabolic enzyme activities in larvae. Itprovided a new method for the prevention and control of larvae of B. odoriphaga in the future.

关 键 词：韭菜迟眼蕈蚊 枯草芽孢杆菌 生长发育 代谢酶活性 防治方法 

分 类 号：S436.33[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]