母源性细颗粒物暴露对仔鼠生长发育及肺功能的影响  

Effect of maternal particulate matter 2.5 exposure on fetal development and pulmonary function of offspring rats

作　　者：汤雯婷 匡丽云[1] 龚景进 李晓梅[1] 李秀英[1] 杜丽丽[1] 陈兢思[1] 陈敦金[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州医科大学附属第三医院产科广州市重症孕产妇救治中心广东省产科重大疾病重点实验室,510150

出　　处：《中华围产医学杂志》2016年第2期108-113,共6页Chinese Journal of Perinatal Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目（81370775、81571518）;国家自然科学基金（81402652）;国家自然科学基金（青年科学基金项目）（81302399）;广东省自然科学基金（博士启动）（S2013040013853）

摘　　要：目的探讨母源性细颗粒物（particulate matter 2．5，PM2．5）暴露对仔鼠生长发育及肺功能的影响。方法无特定病原体级Sprague Dawley大鼠雄性25只，雌性50只，按1：2合笼。雌鼠阴道分泌物涂片检查，倒置显微镜下见雄鼠精子满视野视为妊娠第0天。将孕鼠简单随机分为对照组和PM2．5暴露组。从妊娠0～18d分别将含5％二甲基亚砜或PM2．5抽提物混悬液（4个暴露组分别用0．1、0．5、2．5或7．5mg／kg抽提物溶于5％二甲基亚砜）腹腔注射，每3天注射一次，待其自然分娩。观察孕鼠体重、妊娠天数、仔鼠的体重和肺组织的病理改变，计算仔鼠的肺体系数和肺组织湿重／干重比值。各组随机抽取出生后28d的仔鼠测定肺通气功能参数。采用单因素方差分析、SNK和LSD法以及非参数检验进行统计学分析。结果各组孕鼠和仔鼠均未出现自然死亡。2．5和7．5mg／kg组胎窝重量均低于对照组[（65．71±9．02）、（62．55±7．64）与（69．68±11．90）g]，差异有统计学意义（F=12．205，P〈0．05）。0．1、0．5、2．5组和7．5mg／kg组的仔鼠体重分别为（5．82±0．83）、（5．76±0．49）、（5．65±0．51）和（5．36±0．64）g，其中2．5组和7．5mg／kg组低于对照组的（5．89±0．50）g，以7．5mg／kg组为最低（F=9．905，P〈0．05）。PM2．5暴露组肺内病变分布不均一，肺泡大小不一，肺泡腔明显缩小，部分肺泡腔完全闭锁；肺泡间隔显著增厚、纤维组织增生，肺泡结构破坏，呈现肺间质纤维性病变的表现。各组肺泡数和肺泡等效表面积均小于对照组（F值分别为23．680和63．817），肺泡间隔等效厚度大于对照组（F=100．023，P〈0．05）。0．5、2．5和7．5mg／kg组肺泡数和肺泡等效表面积逐渐下降，肺泡间隔等效厚度逐渐上升，且组间差异有统计学意义（P值均〈0．05）。2．5mg／kg组的用力肺活量�Objective To investigate the effect of maternal particulate matter 2.5 （PM2.5） exposure on fetal development and pulmonary function in offspring rats. Methods Seventy-five specific pathogen free Sprague Dawley rats, including 25 male and 50 female, were enrolled in the study. The rats were caged separately by 1 ： 2 for conception. The pregnant rats were randomized into control group and PM2.5 challenge groups. Rats in PM2.5 challenge groups subjected to 5% dimethylsulfoxide （DMSO） solution or PM2.5 resuspension at 0.1, 0.5, 2.5 and 7.5 mg/kg once per three days intraperitoneally till birth. Body weight of the pregnant rats, gestational days and body weight and pathological changes of pulmonary of offspring rats were investigated. Lung/body weight ratios and lung wet weight/dry weight ratios were calculated. Pulmonary function measurements of offspring rats were recorded on 28 days after birth. One-way ANOVA, SNK and LSD methods and non-parametric tests were performed for statistical analysis. Results All pregnant rats and their offsprings survived throughout the entire experiment. Tire litter weight was significantly lower in 2.5 and 7.5 mg/kg groups than that in control group [（65.71 ±9.02）, （62.55±7.64） vs （69.68±11.90） g, F=12.205, P〈0.05]. Body weight of offspring rats in 0.1, 0.5, 2.5 and 7.5 mg/kg group was （5.82±0.83）, （5.76±0.49）, （5.65 ±0.51） and （5.36±0.64） g, respectively, showing the lowest level in 7.5 mg/kg group （F=9.905, P〈0.05）, and those in 2.5 and 7.5 mg/kg group were both lower than in the control （5.89±0.50, P〈0.05）. Heterogeneous pathological changes in the lungs of offspring rats were observed, together with various size of alveoli, narrowed and some completely atresic alveolar cavity in PM2.5 challenge groups. Moreover, the lung injury in this group was featured by thickened alveoli septum, proliferated fibrous tissue and destroyed alveoli, which implied pulmonary interstitial fibers lesions. There were significant less mean numbe

关 键 词：颗粒物 母亲暴露 胎儿发育 肺活量 最大中期呼气流速 肺顺应性 大鼠 

分 类 号：R714.5[医药卫生—妇产科学] X513[医药卫生—临床医学]