临近空间高空气球地基探测能力分析  

Analysis of Ground-based Detection Ability of High Altitude Balloon in Near Space

作　　者：荆楠[1,2] 李创[1] 潘越[1,2] 钟培峰 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所,西安710119 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《光子学报》2016年第1期102-109,共8页Acta Photonica Sinica

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(No.2013AA7031020A)资助~~

摘　　要：基于探测系统背景辐射特性及高空气球辐射特性,建立了探测系统辐射接收模型.考虑大气传输、光学系统成像、探测器及其采样对辐射的影响,精确计算了高空气球辐射及背景辐射在探测器焦平面阵列上产生的信号电子数,推导出用于高空气球探测的信噪比.利用Modtran软件仿真计算了自身辐射、镜背景辐射、漫背景辐射亮度,分析了复杂大气条件下的气球辐射特性,及高空气球镜反射率、漫反射率与积分时间对探测系统信噪比的影响.结果表明：采用光谱滤波技术,在晴朗无云天气下,可见光近红外（0.6~2.4）探测器适合高空气球探测;在复杂大气条件下,长波红外（8~12）探测器适合高空气球探测;在积分时间为0.25s,镜反射率为0.32,漫反射率为0.68时,或积分时间为1s,镜反射率0.43,漫反射率0.57时,探测系统对高空气球探测能力最强.Radiance model of detection system was built based on background radiation and radiation of high altitude balloon. The radiometric signal electrons in focal plane array produced by high attitude balloon in near space and background radiation were calculated precisely by considering the effects of atmosphere transmission, optical system imaging, detector and detector sampling. Then signal-to-noise ratio was deduced for high attitude balloon in near space. An atmospheric modeling tool, Modtran, was used to model radiance of self-emission, specular background reflection and diffuse background reflection. Radiation characteristic of balloon in complex atmospheric and the influence on optic-electronic equipment1 s SNR of specular reflectivity, diffuse reflectivity and in icegration time were analyzed. The research results indicate that the Visible-Near Infrared Ray（VIS-NIR） （0.6~2.4） detector can be used to detect balloon in sunshine and the Long Wave Infrared Ray（LWIR） （8~12） detector can be used to detect balloon in complex atmospheric. With the integral time of 0.25s, the specular reflectivity of 0.32 and the diffuse reflectivtiy of 0.68, or the integral time of ls, the specular reflectivity of 0.43 and the diffuse reflectivtiy of 0.57, detection of high altitude balloon can easily been achieved.

关 键 词：大气光学 建模 信噪比 高空气球 临近空间 

分 类 号：O432.2[机械工程—光学工程] P171.1[理学—光学]