从内战史研究看150年来美国史学思潮的变迁  

The Study of the Civil War and the Changing Trend of American Historiography over the Past 150 Years

作　　者：徐良[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西师范大学历史文化与旅游学院副教授,330022

出　　处：《史学理论研究》2016年第1期100-112,160,共13页Historiography Bimonthly

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“20世纪美国史学思潮变迁研究”(项目编号:12BSS001)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：作为美国历史上最重大的事件之一,美国内战自爆发之初就引起人们的极大争论。伴随着内战的结束,内战史学随之兴起。此后,受不同时期美国社会变迁和史学思潮的影响,不同时代的美国史学家在内战起因、性质及历史意义等问题上对内战展开了激烈而持久的争论,美国内战史学中的地区主义学派、民族主义学派、进步主义学派、修正主义学派、新民族主义学派、新修正主义学派、多元社会史学派等依次勃兴于美国史坛。这些学派的出现,一方面构成150年来美国内战史研究发展变迁的完整轨迹,另一方面也从一个侧面很好地展示了19世纪下半叶以来美国整体史学思潮的发展与流变。As one of the most significant events in the history of the United States,the Civil War has caused many controversies almost ever since its outbreak. Influenced by the social changes and historical thoughts of different period,American historians in different periods have precipitated and engaged in many fierce and prolonged debates on the causes,nature and historical significance of the Civil War. The historiography of the Civil War,therefore,has reflected the influences of various schools,such the Progressive School,the Revisionist School,the New Nationalist School,the New Revisionist School and the Pluralistic Social School in American historiography. As such,it also helps demonstrate the changing ideas and trends of the works of American historians from the mid 19 th century to this day.

关 键 词：内战 美国史学 民族主义学派修 正主义学派 新民族主义学派 

分 类 号：K712.43[历史地理—历史学]