职业应激与职工心电图异常的关系研究  

Association between occupational stress and electrocardiographic abnormalities in employees

作　　者：马蕾[1] 田宏迩[1] 张庆东[2] 詹永国[1] 曹丽丽[1] 张宏[1] 刘留留 张浩[1] 

机构地区：[1]东南大学公共卫生学院,南京210009 [2]扬中市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2016年第2期127-130,共4页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金（14YJA840012）;江苏省2015年度普通高校研究生科研创新计划项目（SJLX15_0070）;东南大学大学生科研训练计划（sRTP）项目（15422023）

摘　　要：目的探讨职业应激对职业心电图特征的影响。方法2014年9月对某太阳能光伏企业186名在职职工进行职业应激程度评定，并检查其心电图变化。结果不同年龄组间心电图异常率差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），〉50岁组心电图异常率最高（34．0％）；41～50岁调查对象中工作责任与负荷评分高水平组的心电图异常率（24．3％）高于低水平组（6．3％）；〉50岁的研究人群中，工作危险高水平组的心电图异常率（50．0％）高于低水平组（22．6％）。〉50岁的研究人群中，心理健康感评分高水平组的心电图异常率（8．3％）低于低水平组（55．2％），躯体抱怨评分高水平组（52．2％）、每日紧张感评分高水平组（50．0％）的心电图异常率高于躯体抱怨评分低水平组（20．0％）与每日紧张感评分低水平组（22．6％），差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。Lo鲥stic逐步回归分析显示，年龄是心电图异常率的危险因素（0R=1．076，P〈0．05）；心理健康感是心电图异常率的保护因素（DR=0．356，火0．05）。结论职业应激是心电图异常的危险因素，职业应激程度越严重，心电图异常率越高。Objective To investigate the influence of occupational stress on electrocardiographic features in employees. Methods In September 2014, a total of 186 employees in a solar photovoltaic company underwent the evaluation of occupational stress, and the changes in electrocardiographic findings were recorded. Results The abnormal rate of electrocardiographic findings showed significant differences between different age groups（P〈0.05）, and the employees older than 50 years had the highest abnormal rate（34.0%）. Among the study subjects aged 41-50 years, those with a high score of job responsibility and burden had a higher abnormal rate of electrocardiographic findings than those with a low score （24.3% vs 6.3%）; among the study subjects older than 50 years, those with a high risk level had a higher abnormal rate of electrocardiographic findings than those with a low risk level （50.0% vs 22.6%）. Among the study subjects older than 50 years, those with a high score of mental health had a significantly lower abnormal rate of electrocardiographic findings than those with a low score （8.3% vs 55.2%, P〈0.05）; the employees with high scores of physical complaint and daily stress had a higher abnormal rate of electrocardiographic findings than those with low scores of physical complaint and daily stress （52.2% vs 20.0%, P〈0.05; 50.0% vs 22.6%, P〈0.05）. The unconditional multivariate logistic stepwise regression analysis showed that old age was the risk factor for the high abnormal rate of electrocardiographic findings （OR= 1.076, P=0.013）, and that mental health was the protective factor for the abnormal rate of electrocardiographic findings（OR=0.356, P=0.O17）. Conclusion Occupational stress is the risk factor for abnormal electrocardiographic findings, and the abnormal rate of electrocardiographic findings tends to increase with the increasing severity of occupational stress.

关 键 词：职业应激 心电图 心电特征 

分 类 号：R131[医药卫生—劳动卫生]