水分胁迫下AM真菌对新排煤矸石上玉米生长的影响  

Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the maize growing in the newly discharged coal mine spoil under water stress

作　　者：赵仁鑫[1] 郭伟[1] 毕娜[1] 郭江源[1] 付瑞英[1] 赵文静[1] 王芳[1] 赵吉[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古大学环境与资源学院,呼和浩特010021

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2016年第1期365-371,共7页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31200421;41461071);国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAC02B03);内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2012MS0603);内蒙古科技厅应用与研究开发计划项目(20130428)

摘　　要：为了草原生态系统煤矸石废弃地的生态重建和植被恢复,采用温室盆栽试验,在正常供水(基质含水量为田间最大持水量的80%)和水分胁迫(基质含水量分别为60%和40%)条件下研究了接种丛枝菌根(Arbuscular Mycorrhizal,AM)真菌Rhizophagus intraradices(RI)对新排放煤矸石上玉米(Zea mays L.)菌根侵染率、生物量、矿质营养吸收、C∶N∶P生态化学计量比和植株水分特征的影响。结果表明,不同水分条件下接种AM真菌后玉米均具有较高的菌根侵染率,并随基质含水量降低逐渐增加。接种RI未显著影响3种水分条件下煤矸石上玉米的生长,显著增加了玉米对P的吸收量,显著调节了玉米的C∶N∶P生态化学计量比,符合生长速率假设。随水分胁迫程度增加,玉米生物量和营养元素吸收量降低。水分胁迫下,接种RI显著增加了玉米叶片鲜重含水量,加快了植株复水速率,改善了玉米的水分状况,表明RI对增强新排煤矸石中玉米抗旱性具有潜在的作用。初步证明了AM真菌对于增强玉米适应煤矸石基质的复合逆境,以及在干旱半干旱草原生态系统煤矸石废弃地上重建植被均具有一定的潜在作用。In this paper, we would like to bring about the results of a greenhouse pot experiment we have done to investigate the impacts of the arbuscular mycorrhizal （AM） fungi Rhizophagus intraradices （RI） on the growth of maize （ Zea mays L. ）, such as the mycorrhizal col- onization, the plant biomass, the nutrient uptake, the C：N：P stoi- chiometric, and its water status in newly discharged coal mine spoil under well-watered and water stress conditions （whose substrate water contents were to 80%, 60%, and 40% of field water holding capac- ity, respectively）. The aim of our simulated research is to provide a technical basis for the revegetation of the coal mine spoil banks in the grassland ecosystem. The results of our simulated research show that the maize have high root AM colonization rates and the AM rates gradually increase with the decrease of the substrate water content, with an average infection rate of 70.25 %, 72.81%, and 79.67 %, respectively. However, the inoculation with RI has no noticeable ef- fect on the shoot, root, and the total dry weights of maize under dif- ferent water conditions, while RI can significantly increase the root to shoot ratios of maize under the water content of 60% and 40%. On the other hand, the colonization by RI can significantly increase the P uptake of maize in the substrate under water stress and has different effects on the uptake of N, K, Ca, and Mg. With the increase of the water stress, the inoculation tends to decrease the biomass and nutri- ent uptake of maize. Moreover, the inoculation with AM fungi also significantly decreases the ratio of C ： P and N ： P, adjusting the C ： N ： P stoichiometric and supporting the growth rate hypothesis. Further- more, the inoculation with RI increases water content of fresh leaf weight of the maize, accelerates plant rehydration rate, and improves water status of maize growth under the water stress, indicating that RI has a potential role in increasing the drought resistance of maize in recent discharged coal

关 键 词：环境学 丛枝菌根真菌 水分胁迫 煤矸石 玉米 生长 

分 类 号：S513.01[农业科学—作物学]