Farmland Marginalization and Policy Implications in Mountainous Areas:A Case Study of Renhuai City,Guizhou  

山区耕地边际化及其政策启示——以贵州省仁怀市为例(英文)

作　　者：赵宇鸾[1,2] 张蒙[2] 李秀彬[1] 董顺舟 黄登科[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [2]贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院,贵阳550001

出　　处：《Journal of Resources and Ecology》2016年第1期61-67,共7页资源与生态学报（英文版）

基　　金：National key basic research and development program(2015CB452706);National Natural Science Foundation of China(41361021);Science and Technology Foundation of Guizhou(Q J LKS[2013]17)

摘　　要：Farmland resources in mountainous areas are important for regional food security and ecological secu- rity. Studies concerning changes in farmland use in mountainous areas are of considerable significance in China. Here, we analyzed marginalization characteristics of farmland in Renhuai city from 2005 to 2011 and driving factors using land information systems, surveys of farmer households and statistical data. Our results indicate that from 2005 to 2011, 3095.76 hm2 of farmland was converted to forest land and natural reserve, accounting for 5.45% of the total farmland area. This suggests significant marginalization of farmland. Marginalization of farmland in mountainous areas was affected by topography, labor forces and effectiveness of land management. Farmland with a greater slope gradient was more likely to be abandoned; among marginalized land in Renhuai, a slope greater than 15~ accounted for 62.26%. A high non-agricultural employment rate of rural labor force and annual income per capita of farmer households in mountainous areas were consistent with high speed farmland marginalization. Low land management benefits were the key reason for farmland marginalization. Although farmland marginalization was advantageous for eco-environment protection and sustainable development in mountainous areas, it resulted in inefficient land resource utilization. A win-win model for the exploitation and utilization of sloping farmland should be explored for production development and environmental protection.山区耕地资源可持续利用关系到区域粮食安全和生态安全,研究山区耕地利用变化意义重大。采用土地空间数据、农户调查和统计数据,分析了仁怀市2005-2011年耕地边际化特征及其驱动因素。结果表明:1)6年间仁怀市有3095.76 hm2的耕地向林地、自然保留地转移,占耕地面积的5.45%,耕地边际化特征显著。2)山区耕地边际化受地形、劳动力、经济等因素影响。坡度大的耕地更易发生退耕,仁怀市发生边际化的耕地中坡度>15°的占62.26%;山区乡村劳动力非农就业率和农民年人均收入越高,耕地边际化发展速度越快;经营效益低是耕地边际化的根本原因。3)耕地边际化有利于山区生态环境保护和区域可持续发展,但导致坡耕地低效利用,应探索一种达到发展生产和保护环境双赢的坡耕地利用模式。

关 键 词：farmland marginalization driving forces policy implication mountainous areas 

分 类 号：F323.211[经济管理—产业经济]