常规潜艇部队安全文化量表的制定  

Development of a safety culture scale for conventional submarine troops

作　　者：齐亮[1] 解汝庆 陈国良[3] 刘建[3] 刘文宝[3] 刘晓荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]第二军医大学卫生勤务学系卫生勤务学教研室,上海200433 [2]解放军北海舰队后勤部卫生处,青岛266071 [3]第二军医大学海军医学系海军卫勤与装备教研室,上海200433

出　　处：《第二军医大学学报》2016年第2期225-230,共6页Academic Journal of Second Military Medical University

基　　金：军队后勤科研重点项目(BHJ14L010);第二军医大学卫生勤务学系青年科研启动基金(2015WK10)~~

摘　　要：目的建立适合常规潜艇部队的安全文化量表并分析其影响因素,为相关后续研究提供参考。方法参考相关文献设计建立安全文化量表,选出4个维度共25个条目,然后逐步进行筛选,得到含有21个条目的正式调查量表。以180名常规潜艇艇员作为调查对象,回收有效问卷147份,有效率81.67%。调查数据用于进一步分析。结果 21.77%(32/147)的被调查者曾经历过安全事故,其中12人曾因为事故而受到伤害,占全部应答者的8.16%(12/147)。探索性因子分析结果显示出该群体安全文化的4个维度:管理层对安全的重视程度、安全工作满意度、安全工作优先度、对安全问题的沟通,共解释了总方差的71.532%;量表的内部一致性检验表现良好(Cronbach’sα>0.7)。结论艇员经历过安全事故和总体受伤比例较高,应当受到卫勤部门的重视。艇员群体具有其特殊性,一方面服从领导,主观认识到了任务的重要性,另一方面自己意识较强、不认同对安全问题的简单强调,但是缺乏主动反映安全问题的积极性,群体安全文化需要通过各种方式进一步改善。Objective To establish a safety culture scale for conventional submarine troops and to analyze the key factors influencing the safety during peace time, so as to provide evidence for future study. Methods Twenty-five items from relative scales were sorted based on a literature review, and 21 of them were included in the final safety questionnaire after extensive analysis and review. A total of 180 submariners were surveyed with the questionnaire, and the effective response rate was 81.67% （147） and their data were used for further analysis. Results Thirty-two （21. 77%）responders have experienced a safety incidence, and 12 （8. 16%） had been injured due to the incidences. Four dimensions of the safety culture for the target population were indentified by exploratory factor analysis, including commitment to safety by the decision-makers, satisfaction degree of safety effort, priority of safety effort, and communication on safety, which could explain 71. 532% of the variance. The Cronbach＇ s α was calculated for each scale （all over 0.7）, indicating satisfactory internal consistency for this measurement. Conclusion High incidence of safety events and injury rate of the participants from submarine troop demand more efforts on safety. Submariners are different from other seafarers in civil groups. They are trained to be obedient to orders and leadership, aware of the importance of missions; on the other hand they have stronger self-consciousness and they are not satisfied with simple emphasis on safety and repeated education. However, they are not active in reporting safety issues to the superiors, so the safety culture among them needs to be improved.

关 键 词：常规潜艇部队 安全事故 安全文化 里克特量表 探索性因子分析 

分 类 号：R835.1[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]