闪点预估及其在航空危险品货物鉴定领域的应用  

Flash points prediction and its application in the field of aviation dangerous goods identification

作　　者：赵宁宁 张蕾蕾 张丽琴 

机构地区：[1]中国民航科学技术研究院,北京100028 [2]北京信诺递捷空运咨询公司,北京101312

出　　处：《化学工程》2016年第2期41-45,51,共6页Chemical Engineering(China)

基　　金：中国民航科学技术研究院基本科研费项目(142060302012)

摘　　要：闪点是确定液态易燃危险品的航空运输条件的重要依据,但其数值很难直接查到。在危险品航空运输中,易燃液体的水溶液体系非常常见,因此掌握该类易燃液体水溶液体系的闪点预估方法对确保航空运输安全具有重要意义。文中选择UNIFAC模型对3种有机物水溶液体系[水(1)+乙醇(2)/水(1)+1-丙醇(2)/水(1)+2-丙醇(2)]的闪点进行预估,同时设计二元水溶液体系的闪点预估流程。结果表明:预估结果与闪点实验结果比较吻合,但这3种体系中,预估值与实验值之间的差异随水含量的增加而变大,文中同时就3种体系的预估结果和共同规律进行了讨论。最后,列举了该预估闪点方法在航空危险品货物鉴定领域方面的应用,表明该项技术在实际工作中是非常有效的手段。Flash points are the important basis to determine the condition of the air transport of dangerous goods, but for a variety of dangerous goods, the flash point data are scarce and sometimes unavailable. Flammable liquid aqueous solution are widely transported by air, so grasping the flash point estimate method of flammable liquid aqueous solution is of great significance to guarantee the aviation safety. Select UNIFAC model to calculate the flash points of the organic aqueous solution （water （1） ＋ ethanol （2）/water （1） ＋ 1-propanol （2）/water （1） ＋ 2-propanol （2））, and meanwhile, design the prediction process for the flash points of binary aqueous solution system. The computed results agree reasonably well with the experimental results, but the differences between them increase with the addition of water content for the three systems. The prediction results and the common law for them were discussed. Finally, the applications of this method in the field of aviation dangerous goods identification are listed, which shows that this technique is very effective in the practical work.

关 键 词：闪点预估 UNIFAC模型 二元有机物水溶液 易燃液体 

分 类 号：TQ086.5[化学工程]