2种水青冈属植物次生木质部导管分子形态特征比较观察  

A Comparative Observation on Morphological Characteristics of Vessel Elements in Secondary Xylem of Two Plants in Fagus

作　　者：王东[1,2] 张雪梅[1,2] 甘小洪[1,2] 胥晓[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学西南野生动植物资源保护教育部重点实验室,四川南充637009 [2]西华师范大学生命科学学院,四川南充637009

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2016年第4期14-20,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：四川米仓山国家级自然保护区横向合作项目"四川米仓山自然保护区水青冈属植物种质资源调查"(466149)

摘　　要：为探讨水青冈属植物的演化以及导管分子的生态学适应性,以台湾水青冈、米心水青冈为研究材料,运用离析法和光学显微照相等方法,对其次生木质部导管分子的类型、直径、端壁长度、倾斜度和穿孔板类型进行观察和比较研究。研究结果表明:台湾水青冈和米心水青冈均只存在梯纹、网纹、孔纹这3种能高效运输水分的导管类型;台湾水青冈的穿孔板类型以单穿孔为主(85.71%),比米心水青冈的单穿孔比例(62%)高;且具有较米心水青冈短的端壁长度和大的导管直径,表明台湾水青冈比米心水青冈在系统发育上更为进化;但仅以导管分子形态特征作为台湾水青冈和米心水青冈种间特征指标就表现出很大的局限性,只有在形态特征辅以数值测量的情况下可以对物种进行初步的分类鉴定。2种水青冈种内不同居群间导管分子的直径、端壁长度、端壁倾斜度的差异则是由于植物对不同生境变化的适应造成的。In order to identify the evolution and ecology adaptability of vessel elements of Fagus,morphological structures of vessel elements, such as type, diameter, the length of wall top, batter and the typesof perforation in secondary xylem, were observed and studied by tissue isolation and micrography. Thisresearch contained two species of Fagus： Fagus hayatae and Fagus engleriana. The results were as follows：three types of perforation plates（including scalariform vessel, reticulate vessel and pitted vessel） which couldtransport water efficiently in F. hayatae and F. engleriana were recognized. Pitted vessels with simpleperforation plate type of F. hayatae were mainly observed in xylem, accounting for 85.71%, which was higherthan that in F. engleriana（62%）. F. hayatae had a short end wall and large diameter of vessel element. Theresearch results showed that F. hayatae was more evolutionary than F. engleriana on phylogeny. Morphologicalcharacteristics of vessel elements as a species characteristic index between F. hayatae and F. engleriana showed significant limitations. Only morphological supplemented with numerical measurement couldpreliminary classify and identify the species. The research showed that the differences of diameter, the lengthof wall top and batter of vessel elements among varieties of the two species were caused by the plants＇ adaptability to different habitats variations.

关 键 词：台湾水青冈 米心水青冈 导管分子 形态特征 生态适应性 

分 类 号：Q944[生物学—植物学]