“20130715”呼和浩特短时强降水雷达回波特征分析  

Doppler Weather Radar Echo Characteristics in a Short-time Heavy Rain on July 15, 2013 in Hohhot

作　　者：马素艳 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古气象台,呼和浩特010051

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2016年第5期131-135,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：中国气象局预报员专项"内蒙古典型MCS的雷达和闪电特征分析"(CMAYBY2015-011);内蒙古自治区气象局青年基金项目"呼和浩特短时强降水天气雷达回波特征分析"(nmqnqx201509)

摘　　要：为了更好地预报、预警短时强降水,利用呼和浩特市多普勒天气雷达、加密自动站、FY2卫星及1°×1°NCEP逐6 h再分析资料等资料,对2013年7月15日呼和浩特市短时强降水过程进行分析。结果表明:短时强降水是在贝加尔湖冷涡大尺度环流背景下,副高和台风"苏力"共同作用,由中小尺度系统造成;槽前西南气流及副高和台风间偏南气流共同形成持续的暖湿输送,使得水汽和不稳定能量得到持续补充;系统性抬升、地形及冷空气触发中小尺度系统发生发展。降水回波起源于阴山山脉南侧,层状云降水回波显著,基本反射率≤47 d Bz;径向速度场上呈现"牛眼结构",零等速度线呈"S型"。当径向速度图上中气旋和低空急流被识别,基本反射率因子强度≥40 d Bz时,可发布短时强降水预警。Based on the Doppler radar data from Hohhot, automatic meteorological station data, FY-2 satellitedata, and NCEP 1°×1° 6 h interval reanalyzed data, short-time heavy rain on July 15, 2013 in Hohhot wasanalyzed in order to accurately forecast the short-time heavy rain. The results showed that： in the large scalecirculation background of Lake Baikal cold vortex, the short-time heavy rain was caused by meso-micro scalesystems, under the subtropical high and typhoon; water vapor and instable energy were continuously added,because of the continuous transportation of warm and moist air by the southwest stream in front of the troughand the southeast stream between the subtropical high and typhoon; the systematic uplifting, topography andcold air triggered the occurrence and development of meso-micro scale convective systems. The stratiformcloud precipitation echo was obvious in this process, which originated from the south of Yinshan Mountains,and the basic reflectivity was ≤47 d Bz. The characteristic of＂bull＇s eye＂was presented and the curve of zerovelocity was＂S＂in the basic reflectivity factor figure. The short-time heavy rain warning can be issued whenthe mesocyclone and low level jet were found, and the basic reflectivity was≥40 d Bz.

关 键 词：短时强降水 天气学诊断 零速度线 中气旋 

分 类 号：P448[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]