福建省泉州市变应性鼻炎患者吸入性变应原检测与分析  

Test and Analysis of the Main Inhaled Allergens in Patient with Allergic Rhinitis in Quanzhou,Fujian Province

作　　者：王佳蓉[1] 张鹏飞[2] 洪育明[1] 许雄伟[1] 林荣志[1] 陈晓芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建医科大学附属第二医院耳鼻咽喉科,泉州362000 [2]福建医科大学基础医学院病理学系,福州350108

出　　处：《福建医科大学学报》2015年第4期222-226,共5页Journal of Fujian Medical University

基　　金：泉州市技术研究与开发项目(2012B17)

摘　　要：目的了解福建省泉州市不同年龄和性别的变应性鼻炎(AR)患者的吸入性变应原分布情况,为早期诊断及早期干预提供参考。方法采用12组共38种标准化变应原对5 911例临床诊断为慢性鼻炎的患者进行皮肤点刺试验(SPT),据检测结果筛选出AR患者3 219例,以性别及年龄分组分析各组变应原的分布情况。结果5 911例患者SPT阳性率54.5%(3 219例),AR患者中前10位变应原依次为粉尘螨(92.2%)、屋尘螨(91.8%)、春季花粉Ⅰ(40.3%)、真菌Ⅰ(34.9%)、春季花粉Ⅱ(34.0%)、真菌Ⅱ(31.0%)、蟑螂(28.4%)、豚草(24.7%)、混合禾木科(21.7%)、艾蒿(21.3%)。男女间变应原总体阳性率差别无统计学意义(P>0.05);阳性率与年龄相关,随着年龄增大而降低(χ2=141.23,P<0.01)。结论粉尘螨和屋尘螨是近3年泉州市AR患者的主要变应原,花粉、真菌与蟑螂也是常见变应原。Objective To investigate the main inhaled allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis （AR） in Fujian Quanzhou. Methods Thirty-eight standardization allergens divided into 12 groups were used to perform skin prick test（SPT） in 5 911 patients with chronic rhinitis. According to different gen der and age groups, the distributions of different allergens in 3 912 patients with AR were analyzed. SPSS 17.0 software were used to analyse the data. Results The most common ten allergens in patients with AR were dermatophagoides farina（92.2 % ）, dermatophagoides pteronyssinus （91.8 % ）, spring pollen I （40. 3%） ,mold I （34.9%）, spring pollen Ⅱ（34.0%）, mold Ⅱ（31.0%）,cockroach（28.4%）,ragweed （24.7%）, mixed grass family（21.7%） and mugwort（21.3%）. No significant difference between male and female in overall positive rate（P〈0.05）. Positive rate was related to age and increased with age （χ2=141.23, P〈0. 01）. Conclusion Dermatophagoides farina and dermatophagoides pteronyssinus were the main allergens in Quanzhou for nearly three years. Pollen, mold and cockroach were the com- mon allergens.

关 键 词：鼻炎 变应性 常年性 鼻炎 变应性 季节性 变应原 皮肤试验 流行病学 泉州 

分 类 号：R765.21[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]