施氮量对木薯生理指标和农艺性状的影响  

Effects of nitrogen application level on physiological indexes and agronomic properties for cassava

作　　者：韦冬萍[1] 岑忠用[2] 韦剑锋[1] 陈涛 胡江如[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西科技大学鹿山学院,广西柳州545616 [2]河池学院化学与生命科学系,广西宜州546300 [3]广西亚热带作物研究所,广西南宁530001

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2015年第23期96-100,共5页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广西教育厅广西高等学校科研立项项目(LX2014 673);广西科技大学鹿山学院科学基金(2013LSZK03)

摘　　要：为提高氮肥的利用效率,采用田间试验,研究施氮量（纯N0、65、130、195 kg/hm2）对新选056木薯生理、产量及品质的影响.结果表明：施氮量在0～130 kg/hm2范围内,木薯生长中后期叶片POD活性、CAT活性、脯氨酸含量、叶绿素含量及可溶性糖含量随施氮量的增加而明显增加,丙二醛含量则明显下降,但继续增加施氮量,上述各项指标数值变化不明显;木薯株高、块根产量、块根淀粉含量及淀粉产量分别增加7.43％～24.36％、5.77％～ 11.55％、3.96％～10.73％、9.96％～24.12％,且增幅均随施氮量的增加而增加,但施氮130kg/hm2与施氮195 kg/hm2的差异均不显著.可见,施氮130 kg/hm2已满足木薯增产的需求.In order to improve the using efficiency of N fertilizer, a field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of nitrogen application （0, 65, 130, 195 kg N/hm2 ） on the physiology, yield and quality of cassava cultivar Xinxuan056. Results showed the peroxidase activity, catalase activity, proline content, chlorophyll content and soluble sugar content in leaves increased obviously at both root expanding and root mature stages, as the nitrogen increased from 0 kg/hm2 to 130 kg/hm2, but malondialdehyde content in leaves decreased obviously. The physiological properties of leaves changed slightly when the amount of nitrogen application was higher than 130 kg/hm2. The plant height, fresh root yield, fresh root starch content and fresh root starch yield increased by 7.43%-24.36%, 5.77%-11.55%, 3.96%-10.73% and 9.96%-24.12% respectively after nitrogen application, and their increments increased with the increment of nitrogen applied, but the yield traits and quality traits were not significantly different between 130 kg N/hma treatment and 195 kg N/hm2 treatment. Therefore, the optimum level of nitrogen fellilizer for cassava was 130 kg/hm2.

关 键 词：木薯 氮肥 生理性状 产量 

分 类 号：S533.062[农业科学—作物学]