智能玉米精密播种施肥机的研制  

Research on the intelligent corn precise seeding fertilizing machine

作　　者：彭强吉 孙宜田 荐世春 孙永佳 李青龙 

机构地区：[1]山东省农业机械科学研究院,济南市250100

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2016年第3期15-19,共5页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划(2013BAD08B00);山东省自主创新专项(2013CXC90203)

摘　　要：针对现有机械式玉米精密播种施肥机播种施肥一致性差、肥管易堵塞、种子重播漏播严重、无补种机构等问题,研制基于DSP控制技术的智能玉米精密播种施肥机。实现精密播种施肥机工作过程中种肥的实时监控及故障处理,统计已播、重播、漏播种子数及施肥量等数据,当发现漏播时能即时补种;当出现肥料堵塞时能即时疏通;种箱缺种和肥箱缺肥能发出声光报警。同时,可以通过触摸屏设定播种株距及施肥量。田间试验表明,整机结构稳定,重播、漏播、缺种、缺肥、肥管堵塞报警率达100%,肥管堵塞疏通率达100%,并且安装补种系统后,总播种率达到99.4%,相比没有加补种系统前提高5.8个百分点。Aiming at the problems of the poor uniformity of seeding and fertilizing, the easily block of the fertilization tube, the serious repeated seeding and leakage seeding, have no reseeding mechanism et al about the existing precise machine of corn seeding and fertilizing, the intelligent corn precise seeding fertilizing machine is designed based on DSP control technology. Which could achieve the goal that the real-time monitoring and fault handling on working process of the precise seeding fertilizing machine, and statistics the number of the seeding of having been seeding, replay, leakage sowing and the amount of fertilizer, et al. When there have the problem of the leakage seeding, which can instantly immediate reseeding, and when there have the problem of the fertilizer blocked, which cart immediately dredge it. When the seeding box is lack of the seeding and the fertilizer box is lack of the fertilizer, which can give an alarm by sound and light. Meanwhile, the seeding spacing and amount of fertilizer could be set by the touch screen. The field experiment results show that the whole structure of the machine is stable, and the alarm rate of the repeated, leakage, lack of seed, lack of fertilizer and fertilization tube blocked reach to 100%, the dredge rate of the fertilization tube reach to 100 %, and after installing the reseeding system, the total reseeding rate reach to 99.4%, increased by 5.8 percentage points comparing with without install the reseeding system.

关 键 词：智能控制 精密播种 变量施肥 自动疏通 补种装置 

分 类 号：S223.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程]