台风作用下近海风力机叶片的空气动力载荷研究  

AERODYNAMIC LOAD ANALYSIS OF OFFSHORE WIND TURBINE BLADES DURING TYPHOON

作　　者：任年鑫[1] 李炜[2] 李玉刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学深海工程研究中心,大连116024 [2]中国电建华东勘测设计研究院有限公司,杭州310014

出　　处：《太阳能学报》2016年第2期322-328,共7页Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica

基　　金：国家博士后科学基金(2012M520630);国家重点基础研究发展(973)计划(2011CB013702);国家自然科学基金创新群体项目(51221961);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金

摘　　要：结合2005年0518号台风"Damrey"的实测时程数据,参考美国可再生能源实验室5 MW风力机主要设计参数,重点研究台风作用下近海风力机叶片的空气动力载荷特征。首先,鉴于完整台风实测数据跨越时间较长,且风速和风向变化具有显著的时段特征,因此科学截取一段具有代表性的3 h台风风速-风向时程数据。其次,综合考虑5 MW风力机叶片主要截面翼型设计参数和变速变桨控制系统,基于叶素动量(BEM)理论模拟分析代表性台风时程下风力机叶片的空气动力载荷特征,并将该数值模拟结果与相关简化计算结果进行对比分析,揭示风力机变速变桨控制系统的时滞性对台风作用下叶片空气动力载荷的重要影响。最后,进一步研究风力机停机状态下的叶片台风载荷特征,建议在台风作用下采用主动顺桨叶停机策略,以实现降低叶片气动载荷保证风力机主体结构安全的目的。The aerodynamic characteristics of offshore wind turbine blades during typhoon were investigated according to the observation data of typhoon ＂Damrey＂ （2005, NO.0518） and the main design parameters of National Renewable Energy Lab （NREL） 5 MW wind turbine. Firstly, because the full observation data of typhoon was a long duration process with obvious variation characters of wind speed and wind direction, so one 3-hour representative truncated typhoon wind speed-wind direction time history was selected. Secondly, considering the main airfoil design parameters of 5 MW wind turbine blades and the variable-speed and collective-pitch control system, the aerodynamic characteristics of offshore wind turbine blades during representative typhoon period were studied based on Blade Element Momentum （BEM） theory, and the numerical resuhs was compared with the resuhs of simplified method. The important effect of the time lag of the variable-speed and collective-pitch control system on the blades aerodynamic loads during typhoon was revealed. Finally, the blade aerodynamic loads during typhoon for stopped wind turbine were further studied, and the active blade parked strategy for typhoon event was suggested to reduce the blades aerodynamic loads and ensure the safety of the key structures of wind turbine.

关 键 词：台风实测时程 近海风力机 叶素动量理论 空气动力载荷 变速变桨控制 

分 类 号：TK8[动力工程及工程热物理—流体机械及工程]