寒地村镇住宅院落声舒适及影响因素研究  

Acoustic Comfort Evaluation and Its Influencing Factors in Courtyards of Cold Rural Regions

作　　者：梅兰[1,2] 康健[2,3] 黄锰[2] 

机构地区：[1]河北建筑工程学院河北张家口075000 [2]哈尔滨工业大学,哈尔滨150000 [3]谢菲尔德大学,英国S10 2TN

出　　处：《建筑科学》2016年第2期42-47,60,共7页Building Science

基　　金：“十二五”国家科技支撑计划课题“严寒地区村镇气候适应性规划及环境优化技术”(2013BAJ12B02)

摘　　要：院落声舒适的主观评价对声环境的改善具有至关重要的作用。为探索不同人群对院落声舒适的评价及其影响因素,本文在东北寒地选取6处典型村镇进行问卷调查,结果表明人们在院落中最常听到的声音是汽车声和鸟叫声,最喜欢的声音是鸟叫声,最反感的声音是施工噪声。进一步研究听者个体差异因素对声舒适的影响,发现在部分区域内,年龄因素与各类声音的声舒适评价有一定的相关性;性别对动物叫声、人声、交通噪声的声舒适评价有影响;文化程度与鸟叫声、流水声和音乐声的声舒适呈正相关,与其他声音相关性不显著;职业与各类声音均具有显著相关性。此外,年龄与文化程度、年龄与职业之间也存在相关性。The subjective evaluation of acoustic comfort in courtyards plays a vital role in improving the acoustic environment. To explore the acoustic comfort evaluation of different people and its influencing factors, a series of questionnaire surveys was made in six typical rural regions in northeast China. The results show that： car sound and bird sound are the most frequently heard in the courtyards, bird sound is the favorite sound, while construction sound is the mostly annoyed. Further analyses of the effect of individual differences on acoustic comfort evaluation show that the age correlates with the comfort evaluation of various sounds in some parts ; gender has an effect on the comfort evaluation of animal sounds, human voice and traffic noise; the education level positively correlates with the bird sound, fountain sound and music, but there is no significant correlation with other sounds; and occupation has a significant effect on all kinds of sounds. In addition, there is a correlation between age and education level, and between age and occupation.

关 键 词：寒地村镇 院落 声源 声舒适 影响因素 

分 类 号：TU112.2[建筑科学—建筑理论]