施硒对紫云英生长、生理和硒积累特性的影响  

Effect of Application of Sodium Selenite to Soil on the Growth and Physiological Indexes and Selenium Accumulation of Astragalus sinicus

作　　者：刘芳[1] 周乾坤[1] 周守标[1,2] 黄永杰[1] 刘坤[1] 张丹丹[1] 周会[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学生命科学学院,安徽芜湖241000 [2]安徽师范大学环境科学与工程学院,安徽芜湖241000

出　　处：《土壤通报》2016年第1期129-136,共8页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：安徽省自然科学基金(11040606M77);安徽省高校自然科学基金重点项目(KJ2011A129);安徽省高校生物环境和生态安全重点实验室专项基金(2004sys003)资助

摘　　要：通过盆栽试验,系统地研究了紫云英生长过程中对不同土壤硒浓度(0,0.125,1.25,2.5和5 mg kg^(-1))处理的生理生态响应以及不同土壤硒浓度处理下紫云英各部位硒的赋存形态,以期为紫云英的进一步综合开发利用提供科学理论依据。研究表明,随着土壤施硒浓度的升高,紫云英各项生长指标(株高、茎粗、根长、各部分鲜重和干重)呈先升后降趋势,土壤施硒浓度为0.125 mg kg^(-1)时,其各项生长指标达到最大值。随着土壤施硒浓度的增加,SOD活性、POD活性、可溶性蛋白和叶绿素含量均呈现先降后升再降的变化趋势;CAT活性呈先降后升的趋势;脯氨酸含量呈上升的趋势;可溶性糖含量则呈逐渐下降的趋势。随着施硒培养时间的延长,各处理组SOD活性和脯氨酸含量主要表现为先降后升再降的趋势;POD活性、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白以及叶绿素含量主要表现为先升后降的趋势;CAT活性主要表现为先降后升的趋势。在土壤施硒浓度为0~5 mg kg^(-1)下,紫云英根部的硒含量为0.14~150.87 mg kg^(-1),地上部分硒含量为0.04~215.17 mg kg^(-1),其中,土壤施硒浓度≥2.5 mg kg^(-1)时,地上部分含硒量高于根部。硒在紫云英中主要以有机态(Se Met、Me Se Cys和Se Cys2)存在,占提取液总硒的81.43%~93.05%。综合研究结果认为,紫云英适合被开发为高硒材料,实际生产中以土壤施硒浓度为2.5 mg kg^(-1)为宜。Growth and physiological indexes of Astragalus sinicus in response to different concentration（selenium was added to soil at five different concentration; 0, 0.125, 1.25, 2.5 and 5 Se mg kg-1soil） and the ability of different parts in A. sinicus to accumulate selenium were studied in a pot experiment. Every growth index of A. sinicus reaches the maximum when the concentration of selenium supply is 0.125 mg kg-1, and tuned to be a downward trend when the concentration 〉0.125 mg kg-1. In pace with selenium concentration increasing, the activities of SOD and POD and the content of soluble protein and chlorophyll were first declined and then increased and then declined. The CAT activity was first declined and then increased. The free proline content presented to be an upward trend while the soluble sugar content showed a downward trend. Along with the prolongation of time, SOD activity and free proline content first appeared declined and then increased and then declined. The content of soluble sugar, soluble protein,chlorophyll and the activity of POD first increased and then declined. CAT activity was first declined and then increased. The Se content in the root of A. sinicus changes from 0.14 mg kg-1to 150.87 mg kg-1. The Se content in the aerial parts varies from 0.04 mg kg-1to 215.17 mg kg-1. When the Se supply was larger than 2.5 mg kg-1, the Se content of aerial parts was higher than that in root. Se Met, Me Se Cys and Se Cys2 were detected in A. sinicus and took81.43%- 93.05% of the total Se content in the extract. Therefore, taking the above many factors into consideration together, A. sinicus is suitable for being developed as high selenium materials, the selenium supply should be 2.5 mg kg-1in soil in the practical production.

关 键 词：紫云英 硒 生长指标 生理特性 硒形态 

分 类 号：Q945.14[生物学—植物学]