基于乡镇尺度的河南省人口分布的地统计学分析  

Geological statistics analysis of population distribution at township level in Henan province

作　　者：张海霞[1] 牛叔文[1] 齐敬辉 叶丽琼[1] 李娜[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学资源环境学院,兰州730000

出　　处：《地理研究》2016年第2期325-336,共12页Geographical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41171437)

摘　　要：基于地统计学方法,以乡镇层面的第六次人口普查数据为基础,对河南省人口分布及其影响因素进行分析。结果表明:全省人口分布基本上可划分为山区低密度、平原中密度和城市高密度三种类型;变异函数在东西、南北、东北—西南和西北—东南四个方向上趋向相近,距离超过80 km后,各向异性增强;变异函数的指数模型拟合效果最好,插值结果直观地表现了人口疏密的梯度变化;洛阳至淮滨一线为全省较明显的人口分界线;山区和平原两种地形条件是影响该省人口空间格局的基本因素;在平原地区,区位条件和社会经济发展的互动作用又成为影响城镇人口分布的主要因素。在推进城镇化的进程中,应结合主体功能区划和新型城镇化战略,有序推进城乡人口的再分布。Henan province, located in central region, is China’s third most populous province.Based on the sixth population census data at township level, this article analyzes the features and trends of population distribution in Henan province by the geological statistics method, and discusses the factors influencing this distribution. The results are as follows：（1） Spatial scale is a basic parameter to study population distribution issue. The actual situation of population distribution will be expressed accurately when small spatial units are used.（2） The Lorenz curve is generated by the 1955 township-level units. There is 10% of the total population in 35.1% of the total land area with low density, and 36.2% of the population in 10% of the area with high density.（3） The exponential model has the best fitting effect for the variation function. When the distance is within 80 km, the variation functions have similar trends in the four directions of eastwest, north- south, northeast- southwest, and northwest- southeast. The anisotropies enhances when the distance is over 80 km. The r（h） is the highest in the east-west direction.（4） The population density has the strongest homogeneity and the smallest variation in north-south direction,and the most obvious variation in east-west direction.（5） The interpolation results represent intuitively the gradient change process of population density. The population distribution of Henan province could be divided into three types： sparsely populated area in mountainous areas, medium density area in rural plains and basins, and densely populated area in urban areas.There is a dividing line of population density from Luoyang city, Pingdingshan city, Zhumadian city to Huaibin county in northwest-southeast direction. To the northeast of the line is densely populated region whereas to the southwest of the line is sparsely populated, which indicates the macro pattern of population distribution in this province. Two kinds of terrain condition（mountains and plain

关 键 词：人口分布 乡镇尺度 地统计学 变异函数 河南省 

分 类 号：C924.2[社会学—人口学]