围产期死胎临床分析及相关危险因素的病例研究  

Stillbirth during perinatal period and the related risk factors:a case-control study

作　　者：贾红梅 胡贵平[2] 张永明[3] 徐华东[2] 于淼 

机构地区：[1]海淀区妇幼保健院产科,北京100080 [2]北京大学公共卫生学院劳动卫生与环境卫生学系,北京100191 [3]包头医学院公共卫生学院劳动卫生与环境卫生学系,内蒙古包头014040

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2016年第5期939-942,共4页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

基　　金：北京市海淀区社会事业研发专项项目海淀区科委基金(s2013009)

摘　　要：目的分析围产期死胎发生原因及其相关危险因素,探讨降低围产期死胎率的措施。方法将2012年1月-2015年6月期间在该院分娩的131例围产期死胎作为病例组、随机抽取文化程度相近的同期住院孕产妇分娩的131名活产儿作为对照组,对两组一般情况及临床因素进行回顾性分析比较,并用SPSS 20.0软件对有关数据进行统计学分析。结果 2012年1月-2015年6月期间,该院围产期死胎发生率为2.85‰(131/45 887),其前3位死因依次为胎盘脐带因素、胎儿因素、母体因素,发生率分别占41.22%、37.40%和15.28%。病例组中孕产妇的剖宫产史、妊娠合并糖尿病、妊娠合并子痫前期、羊水异常、畸胎、双胎、非枕位,胎膜早剥数、脐带扭转周数、脐带绕颈周数等因素均高于对照组,且差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。病例组中孕产妇的产次、规律产检数、自然分娩史、胎儿出体重和身长均低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论围产期死胎死因多样,应加强孕产妇的产前检查。Objective To analyze the causes and related risk factors of stillbirth during perinatal period, explore the measures to re- duce stillbirth rate during perinatal period. Methods A total of 131 stillbirth cases born in the hospital from January 2012 to June 2015 were selected as case group, and 131 live births born in the hospital during the same period were randomly selected as control group. The basic information and clinical factors in the two groups were analyzed retrospectively and compared, then SPSS 20.0 software was used to an- alyze the data. Results From January 2012 to June 2015, the incidence rate of stillbirth during perinatal period was 2. 85%v （ 131/ 45 887 ） , the top three causes of stillbirth were placental and umbilical cord factors （41.22%）, fetal factors （37.40%）, and maternal factors （ 15.28% ） , respectively. Cesarean section history, gestational diabetes mellitus, pregnancy combined with preeclampsia, abnormal amniotic fluid, monster, twin, non-occipital fetal position, number of premature rupture of fetal membrane, number of torsion of umbilical cord, and number of umbilical cord around the neck in case group were statistically significantly higher than those in control group （P〈 0. 05 ） . Parity, the number of regular prenatal examination, history of vaginal delivery, birth weight and length in case group were statistically significantly lower than those in control group （P〈0. 05 ） . Conclusion The causes of stillbirth during perinatal period are various, prenatal examination should be enhanced.

关 键 词：围产期 死胎 临床分析 危险因素 

分 类 号：R714[医药卫生—妇产科学]