应用因子分析与结构方程模型探索膳食模式与高血压的关系  

Application of Factor Analysis and Structural Equation Model in the Relationship Between Dietary Patterns and Hypertension

作　　者：朱婷[1] 方志峰[2] 杨虹[2] 王启淳[2] 赵琳[2] 刘玄华[2] 陈玉柱[2] 李忠友[1,2] 唐振柱[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]广西医科大学公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生教研室,530000 [2]广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国卫生统计》2016年第1期16-19,共4页Chinese Journal of Health Statistics

基　　金：美国国立卫生研究院科研项目(R01-HD30880;DK056350;R01-HD38700)

摘　　要：目的了解广西居民膳食模式的特点,初步探索不同膳食模式与高血压的关系。方法利用2009年＂中国健康与营养调查＂项目资料,选取广西6市县18岁及以上居民作为调查对象。采用因子分析和结构方程模型相结合的方法研究膳食模式与高血压的关系。结果高血压患病率为21.9%,其中男性患病率为21.4%,女性患病率为22.4%。因子分析得出5种膳食模式,结构方程模型显示,年龄、BMI及酒肉模式（以瘦猪肉、酒类因子载荷较大）是高血压患病的主要因素（其直接作用分别为0.437、0.196和0.070）,现代模式与饮品零食模式,调味品模式与传统模式关系较大。logistic回归模型显示,酒肉模式增加高血压风险1.599倍（OR=1.599,95%CI：1.053~2.429）;调味品模式为1.585倍（OR=1.585,95%CI：1.040~2.416）。结论膳食模式中的酒肉模式与高血压具有密切关系,减少居民膳食中酒精、肉类和油盐的摄入量,对预防和控制高血压具有重要意义。Objective To understand the characteristics of the dietary patterns and explore the association between hy- pertension and dietary patterns among the residents of Guangxi. Methods 1008 adults in six cities （counties） in Guangxi were enrolled in the study. The analysis date was from the China Health and Nutrition Survey in 2009. The association between hyper- tension and dietary patterns were analyzed by Factor Analysis and Strncmral Equation Model. Results The total prevalence of hypertension was 21.9% ,male and female were 21.4% and 22.4% respectively. Five major dietary patterns were identified. In structural equation model, age, BMI and meat and alcohol pattern （ characterized by higher factor loading of pork and alcohol） are the main factors influencing the hypertension （ direct effects were 0. 437,0. 196 and 0. 07 ） ; Modern pattern have relation with beverage and snacks pattern, also in traditional pattern and seasoning pattern. In logistic regression meat and alcohol patterns and seasoning pattern had higher risks of hypertension （ OR = 1. 599,95 % CI： 1. 040 ~ 2.416 ; OR = 1. 585,95 % CI： 1. 040 - 2.416 ）. Conclusion Meat and alcohol dietary patterns were related to the hypertension. We should reduce intake of alcohol, meat, oil, and salt. Healthy dietary patterns may play important roles in the prevention of hypertension.

关 键 词：高血压 膳食模式 因子分析 结构方程模型 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病]