不同干扰强度对拉萨河谷草甸草原群落特征和功能性状的影响  

Effects of Disturbance Intensity on the Community Characteristics and Functional Traits of Meadow Steppe at a Valley of the Lhasa River Basin

作　　者：罗黎鸣[1,2] 苗彦军[3] 潘影[4] 武建双[1] 武俊喜[1] 余成群[1] 赵延[1] 赵贯锋[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室,北京100101 [2]西藏农牧科学院农业研究所,西藏拉萨850002 [3]西藏大学农牧学院,西藏林芝860000 [4]中国科学院地理与资源研究所生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室,北京100101

出　　处：《草地学报》2015年第6期1161-1166,共6页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAC09B03,2011BAD17B05);国家自然青年基金项目(41401070);“西部之光”人才培养计划项目(20100309)资助

摘　　要：气候变化背景下,植物群落特征与功能性状对不同类型和强度人类干扰的响应与适应是植被生态学研究的热点命题之一。本文以拉萨干暖河谷达孜县新仓村沟域山麓冲积扇上的亚高山草甸草原为研究对象,采用样方调查法,探究全年禁牧、暖季禁牧、全年放牧情况下,不同干扰强度对群落特征(群落结构、物种多样性)和功能性状的影响。结果表明,群落高度、地上生物量和立枯物随干扰强度增强而降低,群落盖度差异不显著。排除干扰强度因素,物种多样性与以株高、可食性为代表的功能性状无相关性。全部物种和可食性物种的物种多样性随干扰强度变化差异不显著,即物种丰富度S、多样性指数H、均匀度指数E差异均不显著。以株高、可食性为代表的功能性状随干扰强度增强而降低,表明不同干扰强度对功能性状的影响较物种多样性更显著。未来应更广泛地探讨物种多样性、功能性状和生态系统功能的内在联系,以及3者在不同干扰强度下的响应时间和模式。The response and adaptation of plant community characteristics and functional traits to different types and intensities of disturbance under the background of climate change are the hot topics of vegetation ecology.A field survey was carried out to study the community characteristics（community structure and species diversity）and functional traits of subalpine meadow steppe communities in piedmont alluvial fan at the valley of Xincang village,Dazi County at a dry-warm valley of the Lhasa River Basin.The effects of different intensities of disturbance in the case of grazing excluded all the year round,grazing excluded only during warm months and grazed all the year round on community characteristics（community structure and species diversity）and functional traits were investigated.Community height,aboveground biomass and dead standing materials decreased significantly with increasing the intensities of the disturbance,while community coverage had no significant changes.Excluded the disturbance intensity differences,the species diversity had no relevance with the functional traits of plant height and palatability.Diversity of all species and the palatability were no significantly correlated with disturbance intensity,reflected by the species richness,diversity index,and evenness index.However,functional traits of plant height,palatability decreased significantly with increasing the intensities of the disturbance.The effects of disturbance intensities on functional traits were more significant than species diversity.The inner link of species diversity,functional traits and ecosystem function as well as the response time and models of the three to the different intensities of disturbance should be more widely discussed in further studies.

关 键 词：西藏 草甸草原 物种多样性 功能性状 干扰强度 

分 类 号：S145.21[农业科学—肥料学]