预应变与预时效对6101导电铝合金组织与性能的影响  

Effects of pre-strain and pre-aging treatments on microstructure and properties of 6101 aluminum alloy used for electrical conductor

作　　者：徐芬[1,2,3] 王晶莉[1,2] 张宗鹏[1,2] 林高用[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学材料科学与工程学院,长沙410083 [2]中南大学有色金属材料科学与工程教育部重点实验室,长沙410083 [3]东莞市东兴铝材制造有限公司,广东东莞523228

出　　处：《有色金属科学与工程》2016年第1期34-40,132,共8页Nonferrous Metals Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51274245)

摘　　要：在人工时效基础上引入预应变与预时效以提高6101铝合金的力学与导电性能.通过性能检测与组织观察,研究了合金在人工时效热处理(固溶+时效)及引入预应变与预时效后的热处理(固溶+预应变+时效,固溶+预时效+预应变+再时效)过程中显微组织、力学性能及导电性能的变化规律.结果表明:当合金经过60%冷轧变形再在180℃时效6 h后,其抗拉强度与电导率分别达到262 MPa及55.7%IACS,高于一般人工时效后的合金.当合金在180℃预时效2 h后经过60%冷轧变形,再在180℃时效6 h后,其抗拉强度与电导率进一步提升至289 MPa与58.0%IACS.引入预应变与预时效后所产生的应变强化与析出强化的交互作用,是合金的力学性能和导电性能得到提升的根本原因.Pre-strain and pre-aging treatments were performed on the basis of artificial aging treatment to enhance the mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of 6101 aluminum alloy. Microstructures, conductivity and mechanical properties of the alloy subjected to various treatments （solution treating ＋ aging, solution treating ＋ pre-strain ＋ aging and solution treating ＋ pre-aging ＋ pre-strain ＋ re-aging） were investigated. The results reveal that the ultimate tensile strength and electrical conductivity of the 6101 alloy were subjected to 60 % cold rolling and aged at 180 ℃ for 6 h reach 262 MPa and 55.7 % IACS, respectively, which are superior to those of the alloy after conventional artificial aging. The properties can be further enhanced to 289 MPa and 58.0 % IACS when the alloy is pre-aged at 180 ℃ for 2h and then 70 % cold rolled followed by re-aged at 180 ℃for 6 h. The simultaneously enhanced strength and conductivity are chiefly attributed to the interaction of strain hardening and precipitation strengthening.

关 键 词：6101导电铝合金 预应变 预时效 电导率 力学性能 

分 类 号：TG166.3[金属学及工艺—热处理] TF125.2[金属学及工艺—金属学]