美国种族居住隔离理论的三种范式  

Theoretical Paradigms of Racial Residential Segregation in United States

作　　者：朱荟[1] 郝亚明[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学周恩来政府管理学院,天津300071

出　　处：《贵州民族研究》2016年第1期16-22,共7页Guizhou Ethnic Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目"多民族国家建设视角下少数民族社会融合的理论与实践研究"(11CMZ001);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(NKZXB1484)

摘　　要：种族居住隔离是美国一个具有丰富历史及现实意涵的社会现象,它反映且在一定程度上型塑了美国社会的种族族群关系。大量实证与理论研究力图解释这一现象,对其中三种主流解释范式的理论观点进行简要归纳和评述。空间同化理论主要从社会经济地位和文化适应的角度来理解居住隔离,被称为"阶级理论";住所分层理论主要从种族化的住宅市场来理解居住隔离,被称为"种族理论";居住偏好理论则认为居住隔离是以文化相似性为基础的居住选择的结果,被称为"文化理论"。三种理论范式之间表面上存在竞争性关系,实质上则是各有侧重,具有强烈的互补性。Racial residential segregation in United States is the social phenomenon with rich historical and contemporary implications, and scholars gradually produced three primary theoretical paradigms to explain it. Spatial assimilation theory was called ＂class theory＂, which understands residential segregation mainly from the perspective of socio-economic status and acculturation; place sn＇atification theory was called ＂race theory＂, which posits racially housing market led to residential segregation; residential preference theory was called ＂culture theory＂, which takes residential segregation as the resuh of selection based on cultural affinity. There is a competitive, meanwhile, complementary relationship among these theoretical paradigms.

关 键 词：种族居住隔离 空间同化理论 住所分层理论 居住偏好理论 

分 类 号：F299.275.1[经济管理—国民经济]