大气水汽稳定同位素组成在生态系统水循环中的应用  

Research advances in water vapor isotopic composition and its application in the hydrological research

作　　者：王帆[1] 江洪[1,2] 牛晓栋 

机构地区：[1]南京大学国际地球系统科学研究所,江苏南京210023 [2]浙江农林大学浙江省森林生态系统碳循环与固碳减排重点实验室,浙江临安311300

出　　处：《浙江农林大学学报》2016年第1期156-165,共10页Journal of Zhejiang A&F University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41171324);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金资助项目(20110091110028);科技部国家科技基础条件平台项目(2005DKA32300);南京大学优秀博士研究生创新能力提升计划B资助项目

摘　　要：水汽稳定同位素组成(δv)可以为水循环研究提供大量有价值的信息。近年来,稳定同位素红外光谱技术(isotope ratio infrared spectroscopy,IRIS)的发展为获得高时间分辨率的水汽稳定同位素原位测量数据提供了可能。在水汽稳定同位素组成研究取得了巨大进展的同时,适时对δv及其在生态系统水循环应用的研究进展进行综述,可以为后续研究提供借鉴和参考。从5个方面对水汽稳定同位素组成的研究进行了详述,分别是:1水汽稳定同位素分析仪的在线校正;2δv的变化规律;3氘过量的变化特征;4蒸散发组分的区分;5叶片水18O富集的估算。目前水汽稳定同位素的观测站点十分稀少,尽快建立全球的水汽稳定同位素观测网络并进行长时间的连续观测,将大大促进生态系统水循环和生态过程解析及其模拟方面的研究。同时,将稳定同位素在线观测数据和通量观测以及遥感模型结合起来,可以更好地揭示区域乃至全球水循环模式和机理机制。Stable isotope technique provides a great deal of valuable information for the research of the hydro- logic cycle, which could also be extensively used in hydrology, aerology, ecology and other related fields. Re- cent development in absorption spectroscopy technology has made it possible to make in situ, continuous obser- vations of the c3j8o and C$D of atmospheric water vapor. In this review, the study of water vapor isotope composi- tion were described in detail from 5 aspects. Firstly, we summarized the calibration methods for in situ ~318o and ~D measurements made by commercial water vapor isotope analyzers. Secondly, the pattern of water vapor iso- tope composition were explored. Thirdly, the pattern of deuterium-excess （d） was discussed. Fourthly, through surveying a considerable amount of the documents, we found that the plant transpiration dominated local evap- otranspiration both in the forest and in the agricultural ecosystems in arid and semi-arid region. Fifthly, the 3 models of estimation of leaf water ~80 enrichment were briefly introduced. As the measurement sites of water vapor isotopic composition are scarce, the establishment of the network and long-term observation will greatly benefit the research of ecological hydrologic cycle. Meanwhile, combining the measurement of water vapor iso- topic composition with the observation of fluxes and remote sensing models, will further reveal the pattern and mechanism of water cycle at regional and global scale. [ Ch, 1 tab. 81 ref. ]

关 键 词：生态学 校正 氘过量 蒸散发组分 区分 叶片水18O富集 水汽稳定同位素组成 综述 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]