跨国服务外包对中国制造业就业市场影响的实证研究  

An Empirical Research on the Effect of Offshore Outsourcing Service and the Labor Market of China Manufacture

作　　者：于诚[1] 蒋中煜 黄益新[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学商学院,江苏南京210093 [2]安徽财经大学经济学院,安徽蚌埠233030

出　　处：《南京财经大学学报》2016年第1期25-34,共10页Journal of Nanjing University of Finance and Economics

摘　　要：本文旨在研究服务业开放条件下制造业企业开展跨国服务外包对制造业就业市场的影响。基于中国投入产出表和中国制造业中16个细分行业2003—2012年相关面板数据,本文通过构造制造业跨国服务外包渗透率指数,从就业规模、就业结构和工资三个维度对制造业跨国服务外包的就业效应进行了实证检验。结果表明:制造业跨国服务外包通过专业化分工效应降低了制造业总体劳动需求,进而抑制了我国制造业的总体就业规模;制造业跨国服务外包促进了人力资本积累,显著改善了我国制造业的就业结构;制造业跨国服务外包显著提升了我国制造业工人的边际劳动生产率,拉高了行业整体工资水平。进一步门槛检验发现,以价值链地位为影响因素的门槛回归模型并不能显著表现制造业跨国服务外包对就业总量的影响效应,而只有当全球价值链位置高于特定门槛值时,制造业跨国服务外包对中国制造业就业结构和工资的优化促进效应才能得到体现。This paper aims to analyzes the effect of offshore outsourcing service on the labor market in China’s manufacture under service industry opening. Based on Chinese input-output table and related panel datasets of 16 subdivision industries in China manufacture from 2003 to 2012,we construct the index of offshore outsourcing service and test the effect of offshore outsourcing service on manufactureemployment from three dimensions： the scale,the structure and the level of wages of employment. The results show： Offshore outsourcing service significantly decreases the total labor demand due to specialization division,and then inhibit employment scale of China manufacture. Offshore outsourcing service optimizes the structure of China manufacture employmentand improves the aggregate of human capital. Offshore outsourcing service enhances the margin working productivityand the average level of wages. Threshold test finds that international value chain position as the threshold does not significantly reflect the effect of offshore outsourcing service and the scale of labor market in China manufacture. The promoting effect of offshore outsourcing service and the dimensions of structure and wages can be found only if the position of international value chain is higher than a special threshold.

关 键 词：跨国服务外包 制造业 就业 

分 类 号：F746.18[经济管理—国际贸易]