北京市消耗食物生态足迹距离  被引量:8

The ecological footprint distance of food consumed in Beijing

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作  者:陈文辉[1,2,3] 谢高地[1] 张昌顺[1] 沈凤武[4] 鲁春霞[1] 肖玉[1] 曹淑艳[5] 李娜[1] 王硕[1] 

机构地区:[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]浙江农林大学信息工程学院,杭州311300 [4]北京化工大学经济管理系,北京100029 [5]北京石油化工学院人文社科系,北京102617

出  处:《生态学报》2016年第4期904-914,共11页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基  金:国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAC03B05)

摘  要:以北京市消耗食物生态足迹的距离为研究核心。结果表明2008年至2012年,北京的生态足迹距离、人均生态足迹和生态足迹总里程总体呈现逐年增长趋势:生态足迹距离增大到676.75 km,增长19.3%;人均生态足迹距离增加到18.42万km,增长54%;生态足迹总里程增加了1倍强,达到56亿t km。北京市的食物生态足迹距离不断扩大,并涵盖了全国大部分地区,北京城市化的生态成本上升。所消耗各类食物的生态足迹距离从大到小分别为水果类、蔬菜或粮油类、肉蛋类和水产类。蔬菜类和水果类的生态足迹距离存在明显的季节波动,且冬春季节远高于夏秋季节。从转移生态承载力来源地的视角,直线距离越远、占据市场份额越大的地区,对北京市消耗食物生态足迹距离的贡献率越高。In this paper, we analyzed the size of the ecological footprint of food consumed in Beijing. Population data and information on resident food consumption were collected from the "Beijing Statistical Yearbook" and "Chinese Migrants Development Report" from 2008 to 2012. An additional market investigation was carried out.The food-related ecological footprint distance increased 19.3% (to 676.75 km), from 2008 to 2012, reflecting a trend of expanding scope of dependency for ecological goods used in Beijing. The ecological footprint distance per capita enlarged nearly 54% (to 184.2 km) , implying a trend of rapid increase in the cost of living in Beijing. There was an overall increasing trend in the total size of the total mileage of ecological footprint of Beijing, the ecological footprint distance and the ecological footprint distance per capita. The total mileage of the ecological footprint increased more than 200% ( to 5.6 thousand million t km). The growth rate of total mileage of the ecological footprint was faster than the growth rate of the population. This might show loss of the benefits of scale of the expanding city, and the declining efficiency in configuration of ecological resources. Although the scope of Beijing's ecological footprint covered most regions of China, from the aspect of their market share, it was still too concentrated for Beijing to maintain a stable ecosystem in the metropolitan area. According to the results of seasonal analysis of five consecutive years, it could be inferred that the Ecological Footprint Distance of vegetables and fruit varied obviously among different seasons, usually higher in winter and spring. Yet the ecological footprint distance across seasons was relatively steady for grain and oils, meat and eggs and aquatic products. While taking into account the stability of the path of ecosystem material flows, the material flows of vegetables and fruit are more fragile than of other kinds.The largest group according to Beijing's ecological footprint

关 键 词:生态系统服务 生态足迹距离 时空分异 城市化 

分 类 号:F127[经济管理—世界经济]

 

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