城市规模的建筑能耗研究综述  

Building Energy Analysis at Urban Scale

作　　者：田玮[1] 魏来[1] 朱丽[2] 何成[2,3] 孙禹[4] 杨松[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津科技大学机械学院,天津300222 [2]天津大学建筑学院,天津300072 [3]华中农业大学园艺林学学院,武汉430070 [4]哈尔滨工业大学建筑学院,哈尔滨150006

出　　处：《建筑节能》2016年第2期59-64,共6页BUILDING ENERGY EFFICIENCY

基　　金：天津市应用基础与前沿技术研究计划(14JCYBJC42600);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2011JC027)

摘　　要：城镇化速度的加快导致城市建筑能耗的快速增加,因此,城市规模的建筑能耗研究得到人们更多的关注。综述了国内外城市规模的建筑能耗研究现状。首先讨论城市建筑能耗分析与单体建筑能耗分析的差异,主要从4个方面论述,包括如何在城市环境中定义单体建筑、能耗数据获取、单体与群体建筑负荷差异、城市建筑之间的相互作用。然后将先前研究根据3个标准分类,分别是空间规模、建筑类型、能耗模型。综述表明,与城市规模的交通能耗研究相比,建筑能耗研究还处于非常初级的阶段,主要原因是缺少城市规模的群体建筑信息和能耗数据。同时,城市地理信息系统(GIS)的完善和新型统计学方法如贝叶斯和空间分析方法的出现,为城市规模建筑能耗的研究提供了新的机遇。The fast urbanization leads to an increasing energy use for urban buildings. Therefore, it is necessary to thoroughly study characteristics of energy consumption at urban scale. This paper summarizes the research on building energy analysis at urban scale. Firstly, the differences of energy use between urban building stock and individual buildings are discussed, including definition of building unit, availability of energy data, differences of load patterns, and interactions among buildings. Then the previous studies have been categorized based on spatial scales, building types, and energy models. Compared to urban transportation research, building energy research at urban scale has substantial room to improve. This is mainly due to the shortage of building information in urban areas. However, Geographic Information System in urban environments has become increasingly available, which can be a promising method to provide detailed building information for creating building energy models. Furthermore, new statistical methods have been implemented to assess urban energy performance, including Bayesian computation and spatial analysis. Bayesian computation method can be used to estimate key paranteters affecting building energy use by using energy data available in cities, while spatial analysis can analyze the characteristics of energy consumption for urban buildings by considering spatial autocorrelation. These new developments provide new opportunities to enhance the research on building energy of city scale.

关 键 词：城市环境 建筑能耗 地理信息系统 空间分析 

分 类 号：TU111[建筑科学—建筑理论] TU20