辽北粮食主产区农户兼业经营调查研究——以法库县双台子村为样本  

Investigation of Peasant Household Concurrent Occupation Management in Major Grain Producing Areas of Northern Liaoning Province——Taking Shuangtaizi Village, Faku County as a Sample

作　　者：佟光霁[1] 胡杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学经济管理学院,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《农业经济与管理》2016年第1期80-87,共8页Agricultural Economics and Management

基　　金：国家软科学研究计划项目(2010GXQ5D329);教育部博士点基金项目(20120062110004)

摘　　要：农户兼业经营是农户在既定土地约束与社会经济环境推拉下增加收入的理性选择,在全球范围内普遍存在。基于辽宁双台子村的实证数据,分析辽北粮食主产区的农户兼业经营情况,发现该地区农户兼业经营具有兼业程度高,但离农意愿低;非农就业行业分布广,但技术含量偏低;农户兼业离土不离乡;兼业对农业生产影响不大等特征。对于不同类型的兼业农户,分析农户选择不同经营类型的原因,发现存在由一兼农户向二兼农户、二兼农户向非农业户逐渐转变的动态发展过程和意愿倾向。针对制约农户兼业发展的人力资本水平偏低、非农就业不足且存在季节性失业、社会化服务体系不健全等因素,从大力培育农业专业户、提升农村人力资本质量、提升社会化服务水平等角度,提出促进农户兼业发展的对策建议。Peasant household concurrent occupation management is a rational choice to increase income in the push of given land constraints and social-economic environment, and is worldwide prevalence. This paper took Shuangtaizi village, Faku County as a sample, investigated peasant household concurrent occupation management in major grain producing areas of northern Liaoning Province. The study found the peasant household concurrent occupation management of this area had the features of high degree of concurrent occupation with low willingness from being farmers; payrolls industry widely distributed with low technical content; non- agricultural workers working near their rural homes; few impacts on agricultural production. The reasons of farmers chose different types of occupation were analyzed, and found the peasant household concurrent occupation management turned from the first type to the second type and to non-agricultural households occupation management. The development of peasant household concurrent occupation management had problems of low levels of human capital, non-farm underemployed and seasonal unemployment, and social unhealthy service system. Recommendations were cultivating agriculture specialist, enhancing the quality of rural human capital and the level of social services.

关 键 词：农户兼业经营 特征 原因 

分 类 号：F304.6[经济管理—产业经济]