城市不透水地表降雨径流污染监测与研究——以北京工业大学校园为例  

Monitoring Research and analysis of rainfall runoff pollution of urban impervious surface:case of campus of Beijing University of Technology

作　　者：赵树旗[1,2] 王中正[1,2] 周玉文[1,2] 杨伟明[1,2] 高琳[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学建筑工程学院,北京100124 [2]北京市水质科学与水环境恢复重点实验室,北京100124

出　　处：《人民长江》2016年第4期12-16,共5页Yangtze River

基　　金：国家水专项"城市地表径流减控与面源污染削减技术研究课题"(2013ZX07304-001-2;2013ZX07304-001-3);国家自然科学基金项目"规划阶段城市排水防涝工程系统的内涝灾害耐受度(恢复能力)研究"(51478016)

摘　　要：城市不透水地表降雨径流污染是面源污染的重要组成部分,而城市不透水地表在非降雨天累积的污染物又是降雨径流中污染物的主要来源。以2015年的前10场降雨为例,选取北京东南部大学校园范围内的教学楼屋顶、校园道路、邻近交通主路等不透水地表为研究对象,对自然降雨及其产生的降雨径流污染进行实地采样分析。分析结果表明:冬季过后的第一场降雨雨水径流污染严重,水质为劣V类,之后,降雨径流污染有所减轻;不同采样点水质污染严重程度不同;距离建筑物厕所排气口距离越近的地方,氨氮污染浓度越高;透水地面设施的存在可以减轻径流污染程度。根据分析研究结果,提出了控制和治理城市降雨径流污染的建议。The pollution of urban impervious surface rainfall runoff is an important component of the non - point source pollution ; meanwhile, the accumulated pollutant on urban impervious surface in non - rainy days is the main source of rainfall runoff pollution. Taking the first 10 rainfalls in 2015 in the campus of Beijing University of Technology located in southeast Beijing for example, the natural rainfall and rainfall runoff pollution samples were collected and analyzed by selecting the impervious surface such as the building roof, the road, the site near the main traffic road. The results show that the runoff pollution of the first rain after the winter season is the most serious of inferior class V, and the rainfall runoff pollution reduced afterwards; for different sampling points, the pollution severity level differed; the Concentration of ammonia nitrogen pollution increased in the area near the toilet vent ; the permeable facilities on the ground could reduce the rainfall runoff pollution levels. The suggestions to control and govern the rainfall runoff pollution are put forward according to the analysis and research result.

关 键 词：城市不透水地表 径流污染 降雨 污染控制 

分 类 号：TV12[水利工程—水文学及水资源]