褐煤基改良剂对石灰性土壤复合体铅赋存形态的影响  

Effects of lignite-based amendments on lead chemical speciation in calcareous soil organo-mineral complexes

作　　者：赵珂[1] 丁满[1] 化党领[1] 高巍[1] 杨秋云[1] 王代长[1] 刘世亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学资源与环境学院,郑州450002

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2016年第1期123-130,共8页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金"褐煤基改性材料转化石灰性土壤重金属形态的机理和其对重金属时空变异的影响"(41371311);"硫素对稻根表面铁锰胶膜形成及水稻吸收Cd和As有效性的影响"(41271471)

摘　　要：为了解褐煤基材料对土壤复合体铅形态的影响和污染退化修复机制,将褐煤以及褐煤基改性材料,混入铅污染的土壤中培养4个月,提取其中的土壤复合体,测定各组复合体中的各形态铅。结果表明：施用褐煤基有机材料后,水稳性复合体增加。1）6种铅化学形态在各复合体中分布状况不同。各改良剂处理的离子交换态、铁锰氧化物结合态和碳酸盐结合态铅在复合体中分布的大小顺序均为：G0〉G1〉G2,各处理从G0到G1,交换态铅质量分数下降了8.74%-32.22%,从G1到G2各处理下降了2.73%-26.74%;弱有机态和强有机态、残渣态铅分布顺序为：G0〈G1、G2。2）施用有机材料均引起了3组复合体中交换态铅质量分数的下降，各处理交换态铅质量分数平均下降了2．73％～32．22％；普遍提高了弱有机态和强有机态铅质量分数，弱有机态铅最高提高51．23％，强有机态铅最高提高67．65％，对残渣态铅没有显著影响。3）所有改性材料改性后均提高了G2组中的交换态铅，普遍降低强有机态铅质量分数，碳酸盐态铅质量分数未有显著变化。因此，施用褐煤基有机改良剂，促进了水稳性复合体的形成，降低了复合体中交换态铅质量分数，对土壤铅起到了钝化作用。褐煤有机材料对交换态和有机态铅影响较大，对铁锰氧化物态、碳酸盐态和残渣态影响较小。[ Background ] In order to remediate heavy metal-contaminated calcareous soil, a comparative research on the effect of lignite-based materials on heavy metals speciation of different organo-mineral complexes were conducted for screening out highly effective amendments and understanding the restoration mechanism of pollution degradation. [ Methods] All these materials were mixed with lead-contaminated soiland incubated for 120 days at 25℃ and 65% relative humidity, thereafter organo-mineral complexes were extracted, and mass fraction of different Pb chemical speciation of soil complexes were assessed. [ Results ] The results indicated that water-stable complexes were increased with the application of lignite organic materials,the treatments with humic acid,lignite,nitrified lignite and sulphonated lignite transformed more of G1 and G2 complexes from Go , and other results were as follows ：1 ） The distributions of 6 Pb chemical speciation （ ion-exchangeable Pb, Fe-Mn-oxide-bound Pb, carbonate-bound Pb, organics-weakly-bound Pb, organics-strongly-bound Pb, and residual Pb） varied in the different complexes G0 （water-dispersing complex） , G1 （NaCl-dispersing complex） , and G2 （NaCl-grinding-dispersing complex ）. For all amendments, the order of the abundance for ionexchangeable Pb, Fe-Mn-oxide-bound Pb, and carbonate-bound Pbwas G0〉 G1 〉 G2; the ion- exchangeable Pb decreased 8.74% - 32.22% from G0 to G1, and 2.73% - 26.74% from G1 to G2; organics-weakly-bound Pb, organics-strongly-bound Pb, and residual Pb in G1 and G2 complexes were more than that in G0. 2） Applying organic materials decreased the content of ion-exchangeable Pb averagely 2.73% -32.22% in 3 complexes, while increased the organics-weakly-bound Pb at a maximum of 51.23% and organics-strongly-bound Pb at a maximum of 67.65% , no significant effect on residual Pb. Organics-weakly-bound Pb in GO was less significantly affected than that in G1 and G2 by these organic materials, and the content of organics-weakly-bound Pb in G1

关 键 词：褐煤基改良剂 土壤修复 铅形态 胶散复合体 石灰性土壤 

分 类 号：S156.2[农业科学—土壤学]