齿轮误差三维评定方法  

Three-dimensional coordinate evaluation method of gear errors

作　　者：张白[1] 石照耀[2] 林家春[2] 

机构地区：[1]北方民族大学电气信息工程学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]北京工业大学机械工程与应用电子技术学院,北京100124

出　　处：《光学精密工程》2016年第2期390-397,共8页Optics and Precision Engineering

基　　金：国家科技重大专项基金资助项目(No.2010ZX04014-091);宁夏自然科学基金重点项目(No.NZ14098)

摘　　要：研究了齿轮误差三维评定方法,以消除测量仪器定位误差对齿轮误差评定的影响,提高齿轮测量仪器的测量精度。分析了传统齿轮二维评定方法的弊端,提出将齿轮误差评定从二维评定模式转变为三维评定模式。该评定模式不再要求齿轮各项误差测量点位于特征面内,实现了三维空间内的齿轮误差测量与评定。为提高齿轮三维误差评定算法的效率,通过螺旋降维方法将三维数据降至二维数据,再对二维测量数据进行各项误差的评定。以特大型齿轮激光跟踪在位测量系统作为实验对象,对4级标准齿轮的齿廓误差进行了测量,并与传统的齿轮二维误差评定方法以及德国ZEISS公司InvolutePro软件的评定结果进行了对比。结果表明:传统齿轮二维误差评定方法有较大误差,三维齿廓评定方法与德国ZEISS公司InvolutePro软件评定结果一致,精度达到0.1μm,证明了提出的齿廓误差三维评定方法完全正确,可以消除仪器定位误差对测量结果的影响,提高了测量仪器的测量精度。A three-dimensional coordinate evaluation method for gear errors was explored to eliminate the influence of positioning error of a measurement instrument on the measurements and evaluations of a gear and to improve the measuring accuracy. The traditional two-dimensional gear error evaluation method was analyzed, and then the gear error evaluation model was changed from two-dimensional evaluation model into three-dimensional evaluation model. In the three-dimensional evaluation model, the measurement points of gear error were not required in the characteristic surface, and error measurement and evaluation of gear could be realized in a three-dimensional space. Furthermore, to improve the efficiency of three-dimensional evaluation algorithm of gear errors, three-dimensional data were reduce to two-dimensional data by using spiral dimensionality reduction method, and the error evaluation of two-dimensional measurement data were carried out. By taking the in-site measurement system with laser tracker for megagear as an experimental object, the profile error of a 4 level stand- ard gear was measured, and obtained results were compared with that of the traditional two-dimensional gear error estimation method and the evaluation results from the InvolutePro software of German ZEISS company. The experimental results indicate that the traditional twocdimensional evaluation method has a bigger error, but the proposed three dimensional evaluation method can obtain the same evaluation results with the software of InvolutePro of German ZEISS company, and the algorithm precision reaches 0.1 μm. The results verify that proposed three dimensional evaluation method is correct. It eliminates the influence of instrument positioning precision on gear error measurement and improves the measurement precision of gear measuring instruments.

关 键 词：齿轮测量 定位误差 三维评定 螺旋降维法 

分 类 号：TG86[金属学及工艺—公差测量技术]