利用陆地棉营养芽合成人工种子  

Encapsulation of upland cotton,Gossypium hirsutum L.,axillary buds as artificial seeds

作　　者：胡根海[1] 董娜[1] 张志勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南科技学院现代生物育种河南省协同创新中心,河南新乡453003

出　　处：《华南农业大学学报》2016年第2期36-41,共6页Journal of South China Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31271648);河南省科技攻关计划(142102110126)

摘　　要：【目的】研究利用陆地棉Gossypium hirsutum L.营养芽制作人工种子的方法,为陆地棉人工种子技术开发应用提供一条新途径。【方法】以陆地棉营养芽为外植体,利用海藻酸钠＋MSB包埋外植体,Ca Cl2溶液凝固制作人工胚乳珠,再利用较高浓度海藻酸钠附加不同浓度的甲基纤维素包埋人工胚乳珠,用Ca Cl2溶液固化获得人工种皮,研究陆地棉营养芽人工种皮内添加抑菌剂后在有菌基质上的萌发效果。【结果】制作人工种子的最佳外植体长度为5 mm;最佳胚乳珠包埋方案为w为3%的海藻酸钠＋MSB＋0.5 mg·L^-1NAA＋0.5 mg·L^-1IBA,在100mmol·L^-1Ca Cl2中固化20 min;人工种皮最佳配方为w为4%海藻酸钠＋w为1%甲基纤维素＋w为1.0%苯甲酸钠＋0.02~0.04 mg·L^-1青霉素＋0.5 mg·L^-1多效唑,在200 mmol·L^-1Ca Cl2固化20 min。该人工种子的无菌萌发率为95.0%,生根率为35.8%,可以在有菌人工基质中萌发成苗。【结论】获得一条利用陆地棉营养芽制作人工种子的新途径,该技术制作的人工种子在有菌环境下有较高的萌发率并能成苗。[ Objective ] To provide a new manufacturing method for the artificial seeds of upland cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L. , using axillary buds. [ Method ] The axillary buds of upland cotton were used as explants. The explants were embedded by embedding solutions which were composed of different concen- trations of sodium alginate and MSB after sterilization, and then immersed in different concentrations of CaC12 solutions to solidify and obtain artificial endosperm beads. The artificial seed coat was obtained on the outer synthetic endosperm beads which were immersed in the solution composed of high concentration of sodium alginate and methyl cellulose, and then immersed in CaC12 liquid. After added the bacteriostat- ic agent to the artificial seed coat, the seed germination experiment was done in nonsterile substrate. [ Result ] The axillary buds could be made into artificial seeds after disinfection treatment, and the optimal length of explant was 5 mm. The optimal embedding program was found to be the combination of 3 % sodium alginate ＋ MSB ＋0.5 mg ·L^-1 NAA ＋0.5 mg ·L^-1 IBA,and solidified in 100 mmol ·L^-1 CaC12 for 20 min. The optimal combination of artificial seed coat was the solution 0f 4 % sodium alginate ＋ 1% methyl cellulose ＋ 1.0% sodium benzoate ＋ 0.02 - 0.0d mg ·L^-1 penicillin ＋ 0.5 mg·L^-1paclobutrazol, and solidified in 200 mmol ·L^-1 CaC12 for 20 min. The germination rate of synthetic seed was 95.0 %, the rooting rate was 35.8 %. The artificial seed could germinate and grow into seedling in nonsterile substrate. [ Conclusion ] A new asexual reproduction technology making artificial seed is obtained using upland cotton axillary bud, and the artificial seed can be converted into seedling in non- sterile substrate.

关 键 词：陆地棉 人工胚乳 海藻酸钠 多效唑 营养芽 

分 类 号：Q942.5[生物学—植物学]