水磷耦合对高淀粉玉米自交系根系形态和磷素吸收分配的影响  

Coupling Effects of Moisture and Phosphorus on Root Morphology and Phosphorus Cycling of High- Starch Maize Inbred Line

作　　者：张慧[1,2] 穆春华[1] 孙验玲[1] 徐立华[1] 陈宇[1] 翟学旭[1] 李宗新[1] 王庆成[1] 刘霞[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院玉米研究所,山东济南250100 [2]山东农业大学农学院,山东泰安271018 [3]山东大学生命科学学院,山东济南250100

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2016年第1期74-82,共9页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31301271);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201503130;201203100)

摘　　要：以玉米自交系12SG188(高淀粉含量)和99038(低淀粉含量)为试材,采用石英砂盆栽方法,研究了磷素和水分对玉米自交系根系形态及植株体内磷素吸收分配的影响。结果表明,高淀粉玉米自交系12SG188生长期内植株根系数量、总叶面积、干物质积累和磷吸收效率均高于低淀粉玉米自交系99038。无论水分胁迫与否,随供磷量的增加,两个玉米自交系植株总叶面积和干物质积累量均显著增加,而水分胁迫对99038植株干物质积累的影响较12SG188更大。12SG188磷的总积累量的增加量低磷水分胁迫处理大于低磷正常水分处理,且大于99038低磷水分胁迫处理。99038磷的总积累量的增加量高磷正常水分处理大于高磷水分胁迫处理,且大于12SG188高磷正常水分处理。可见,12SG188玉米自交系较99038具有较高的磷素吸收效率,较99038更耐低磷耐旱。12SG188高磷正常水分条件下木质部汁液磷总运输量和韧皮部磷的再循环量最高,99038低磷水分胁迫条件下木质部和韧皮部中磷的总运输量最低。Using maize inbred lines 12SG188 （high starch content） and 99038 （low starch content） as study materials, the influences of phosphorus and water on the morphology of root system and phosphorus ab- sorption and distribution inside plants of maize inbred lines were studied with quartz sand potting method. The results showed that, within the growth period, the plant root system number, total leaf area, dry matter accu- mulation and phosphorus absorption efficiency of high- starch maize inbred line 12SG188 were all higher than those of low - starch maize inbred line 99038. Regardless of being under water stress or not, with the increase of the amount of phosphorus supply, the total plant leaf area and the amount of dry matter accumulation in the two maize inbred lines both significantly increased, whereas water stress had greater influence on dry matter accumulation in 99038 than that in 12SG188. In 12SG188, the increase of the total amount of phosphorus accumulation under low - phosphorus water stress treatment was higher than that under low - phosphorus normal water treatment, and was higher than that in 99038 under low - phosphorus water stress treatment. In 99038, the increase of the total amount of phosphorus accumulation under high - phosphorus normal water treatment was higher than that under high -phosphorus water stress treatment, and was higher than that in 12SG188 un- der high -phosphorus normal water treatment. Thus, 12SG188 maize inbred line had higher phosphorus ab- sorption efficiency than 99038, and was more resistant to low phosphorus and draught than 99038. 12SG188 had the highest amounts of total phosphorus transport in xylem sap and phosphorus recirculation in phloem un- der high -phosphorus normal water condition, while 99038 had the lowest amounts of total phosphorus trans- port in xylem and phloem under low -phosphorus water stress condition.

关 键 词：玉米自交系 水磷交互 磷素营养 木质部汁液 体内循环 

分 类 号：S513.01[农业科学—作物学]