环鄱阳湖区水稻-土壤有机氯农药污染及健康风险评价  

Distribution and health risk assessment of organ chlorine pesticides in rice and soil in the area around Poyang Lake

作　　者：胡春华[1] 陈禄禄 李艳红[1,2] 王茂林[1] 周晓岚[1] 吴瑄[1] 

机构地区：[1]南昌大学鄱阳湖环境与资源利用教育部重点实验室,南昌330029 [2]江西省水利科学研究院,南昌330047

出　　处：《环境化学》2016年第2期355-363,共9页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2008 zx07526-008-03);国际科技合作项目(2006DFB91920);"十一五"国家科技支撑计划重点项目(2007BAB23CO2);国家自然科学基金(40672159;41040032;41261097);鄱阳湖环境与资源利用重点实验室支持项目(13005879;13005870);中国经济改革实施技术援助项目(支援期TCC5 jxspyhzxh09-03)资助~~

摘　　要：针对环鄱阳湖区水稻和土壤中有机氯农药的污染状况,从环鄱阳湖区11个县市采集水稻及土壤样品,利用GC-ECD对有机氯残留进行测定,并利用健康风险评价模型对该地区水稻中有机氯残留所致风险进行评价.结果表明,环鄱阳湖区水稻及土壤中六六六、滴滴涕、七氯、六氯苯、氯丹均有检出,其中DDTs和HCHs含量较高,土壤中二者平均含量分别为6.25μg·kg^(-1)和10.64μg·kg^(-1),水稻中二者平均含量分别为4.65μg·kg^(-1)和9.16μg·kg^(-1),DDTs和HCHs是主要的有机氯污染物;土壤有机氯的来源主要是由于历史上农药防治害虫的大量使用残留和工业生产带来的新的有机污染源的输入,工农业发达地区有机氯农药残留高于工农业欠发达地区,土壤中有机氯对水稻中p,p'-DDD、p,p'-DDE、o,p'-DDT、β-HCH、γ-HCH、环氧七氯、氯丹等有机氯含量的贡献很大,是水稻中有机氯残留的主要污染来源.健康风险评价结果显示,各类有机氯污染物对人体的健康风险较低,总风险为38.23×10^-(13)a^(-1),属于可接受水平.The objective of this research is to investigate the organic chlorine pesticides（OCPs） pollution in rice and soil in the area around Poyang Lake. Rice and soil samples were collected from eleven counties and cities around the lake, and the samples were analyzed for OCPs by GC-ECD technology. The OCPs from the rice samples were evaluated with the health risk assessment model. The results showed that DDTs、HCHs、heptachlor、HCB and chlordane were detected in both the rice and soil samples. Among them the residual concentrations of DDTs and HCHs were especially higher, and were the main organic pollutants. Their contents in soil were 6.25μg·kg^-1and 10.64μg·kg^-1, respectively, and in rice were 4.65μg·kg^-1and 9.16μg·kg^-1, respectively. The OCPs in soil were mainly originated from the historic use of organic chlorine pesticides and organic pollution from modern industrial production. The residual concentrations of OCPs in industry-Developed areas were much higher than those in the under-Developed areas. The OCPs in soil were the main pollution source of OCPs in rice, and were the major contributor to p,p＇-DDD, p,p＇-DDE, o,p＇-DDT, β-HCH, γ-HCH, Heptachlorepoxide and Chlordane content in the rice. The results from the health risk assessment model indicated that the health risk from OCPs in rice was low, and was at an acceptable level.

关 键 词：水稻 土壤 有机氯农药 健康风险评价 环鄱阳湖地区 

分 类 号：X592[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X82