甘蓝型与白菜型冬油菜杂交F_1代植物学性状及自交亲和性分析  

Analysis of botanical traits and self-compatibility in winter rapeseed Brassica napus and Brassica rapaand F_1 hybrid populations

作　　者：赵艳宁[1] 米超[1] 孙万仓[1] 刘自刚[1] 武军艳[1] 方彦[1] 李学才[1] 刘海卿[1] 董云[2] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省作物遗传改良与种质创新重点实验室甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室甘肃省油菜工程中心,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃省农业科学院作物研究所,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《草业学报》2016年第3期108-119,共12页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：国家"863"高技术研究发展计划(2011AA10A104);国家自然基金"白菜型油菜抗寒评价指标体系及数学模型构建"(31460356);国家自然基金"油菜miR1140靶基因鉴定及其调控油菜分枝的生理功能"(31260334);"973"计划"油菜高产油量形成的分子生物学机制"(2015CB150206);国家农业科技成果转化项目(2014G10000317)资助

摘　　要：通过甘蓝型冬油菜与北方白菜型冬油菜及其正反交杂种F1植物学形态、生长习性、自交亲和性的比较,分析杂种抗寒性、植物学形态、生长习性、自交亲和性的变化。选择白菜型冬油菜陇油9号与甘蓝型冬油菜Vision组配的(陇油9号×Vision)、(Vision×陇油9号)甘白杂交正反交组合,通过亲本与杂种形态比较、越冬率统计、套袋自交以及花粉-柱头互作等,对杂种抗寒性、植物学形态、生长习性、自交亲和性作出评价。陇油9号与Vision杂交,杂种F1植物学形态、干物质积累特性为中间型,生长习性和生长点下凹程度均偏白菜型。F1正、反交越冬率分别为68.75%和65.00%,根长为14.83和14.30cm,根颈直径为6.08和5.67mm。自交亲和性为:Vision>F1(Vision×陇油9号)>F1(陇油9号×Vision)>陇油9号,其相应的自交亲和指数为20.83,1.09,1.06,0.87;杂种及其亲本的自交亲和性的大小与其花粉在柱头上的萌发数量与萌发速度相一致。陇油9号与Vision杂交,杂种F1抗寒性强于甘蓝型冬油菜,但较白菜型冬油菜弱。同时,白菜型冬油菜与甘蓝型冬油菜杂交,杂种F1代自交亲和,但杂种的自交亲和程度远远低于甘蓝型冬油菜,而且F1杂种的自交亲和性因杂交组合方式而有差异。Changes in cold tolerance,botanical morphology (BM),growth habit (GH)and self-compatibility (SC)of Brassica napus ,Brassica rapa and their hybrids were compared.Vision (B .napus ),Longyou 9 (B .rapa)and their reciprocal crosses progenies were used in the study.The cold tolerance,BM,GH and SCof the hybrids were evaluated by comparing BM,winter performance,bagging selfing and pollen-stigma inter-actions with that of the parent lines.The BM and dry matter accumulation of F1 hybrids (Vision×Longyou 9) was intermediate while GH was similar to B .rapa.Winter survival of F1 plants in reciprocal crosses were 68.75% and 65.00%.Root length of reciprocal crosses in F1 plants were 14.83 and 14.30 cm.Crown diameter of F1 hybrids from reciprocal crosses were 6.08 and 5.67 mm.The SC was highest in Vision and declined in or-der;F1 (Vision×Longyou 9),F1 (Longyou 9 ×Vision),Longyou 9 with SC indices being 20.83,1.09,1.06 and 0.87,respectively.The self-compatibility of parents and F1 plants was consistent with the level of pollen germination.The cold tolerance of hybrids was stronger than B .napus but weaker than B .rapa.The F1 hy-brids were self-compatible,but the degree of the SC was much less than that of B .napus .

关 键 词：甘蓝型冬油菜 白菜型冬油菜 远缘杂交 干物质积累 自交亲和性 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]